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Sửa đề : 3.36 (l)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.1.........0.15...............0.05.......0.15\)
\(m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0.05\cdot342=17.1\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.15\cdot98=14.7\left(g\right)\)
\(A: M, Fe\\ A+H_2SO_4 \to ASO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\frac{5,376}{22,4}=0,24(mol)\\ n_A=n_{H_2}=0,24(mol)\\ M_A=\frac{12}{0,24}=50(g/mol)\\ A+2HCl \to ACl_2+H_2\\ n_A=\frac{1}{2}.n_{HCl}=\frac{1}{2}.0,24=0,12(mol)\\ M_A=\frac{3,6}{0,12}=30(g/mol)\\ 30< A <50\\ a/ \\\Rightarrow A: Ca\\ b/ \\ Fe+H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4+H_2\\ Ca+H_2SO_4 \to CaSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=a(mol)\\ n_{Ca}=b(mol)\\ m_{hh}=56a+40b=12(1)\\ n_{H_2}=a+b=0,24(mol)(2)\\ (1)(2)\\ a=0,15\\ b=0,09\\ \%m_{Fe}=\frac{0,15.56}{12}.100\%=70\%\\ \%m_{Ca}=100\%-70\%=30\% \)
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,1----------------------0,075----0,15
n H2=0,15 mol
=>mAl=0,1.27=2,7g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,075.342=25,65g
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_2\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
a, Ta có pt pư
\(Fe+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+H_2\)
Ta có
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H_2SO_4\) dư
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dư\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=19,6-14,7=4,9\left(g\right)\)
b,
Ta có
\(m_{Fe}=0,15\cdot56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,15
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)
nH2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,2 <--- 0,6 <--- 0,2 <--- 0,3
mAl = 0,2 . 27 = 5,4 (g)
mAg = 16,2 - 5,4 = 10,8 (g)
mHCl (p/ư) = 0,6 . 36,5 = 21,9 (g)
mHCl (ban đầu) = 21,9/(100% - 20%) = 27,375 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,9 0,3
\(m_{Al}=0,2\cdot27=5,4g\)\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=16,2-5,4=10,8g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{16,2}\cdot100\%=33,33\%\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b)\(\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,9mol\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=32,85g\)
Lượng axit đã lấy:
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{32,85}{20\%}\cdot100\%=164,25g\)