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ta có:\(\left(a+2b\right)^2=\left(1.a+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2}b\right)^2\le\left(1+2\right)\left(a^2+2b^2\right)\)( bđt bunhiacopxki)
\(\left(a+2b\right)^2\le3.3c^2=9c^2\)→\(a+2b\le3c\)
lại có:\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{9}{a+2b}\ge\frac{9}{3c}=\frac{3}{c}\)
dấu = xảyra khi.... a+2b2=3c2(:v)
Bài 2 :
Ta có x , y , z là các số thực dương
Khi đó : \(5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-9x\left(y+z\right)-18yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\frac{x^2}{\left(y+z\right)^2}+\frac{5\left(y^2+z^2\right)}{\left(y+z\right)^2}-\frac{9x}{y+z}-\frac{18yz}{\left(y+z\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(\frac{x}{y+z}\right)^2-\frac{9x}{y+z}=\frac{18yz}{\left(y+z\right)^2}-\frac{5\left(y^2+z^2\right)}{\left(y+z\right)^2}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{18\left(y+z\right)^2}{4}}{\left(y+z\right)^2}-\frac{\frac{5\left(y+z\right)^2}{2}}{\left(y+z\right)^2}=\frac{18}{4}-\frac{5}{2}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(\frac{x}{y+z}\right)^2-9.\frac{x}{y+z}\le2\)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{y+z}=a>0\) ta được : \(5a^2-9a-2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2-10a+a-2\le0\Leftrightarrow\left(5a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\)
Dễ thấy :
\(5a+1>0\Rightarrow a-2\le0\Leftrightarrow a\le2\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y+z}\le2\)
Ta có :
\(Q=\frac{2x-y-z}{y+z}=\frac{2x}{y+z}-1\le2.2-1=3\)
Dấu " = '' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=z\\\frac{x}{y+z}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=4y=4z\)
Vậy GTLN của \(Q=3\Leftrightarrow x=4y=4z\)
\(VT=a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\frac{2a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{a^2+b^2+2ab}{4}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{1^2}{4}}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{1^2}{4}\right)=\frac{1}{32}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(abc\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}\) ; \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2=3abc\)
=>\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}.3\)
=> \(a+b+c\ge3\)
Áp dụng bđt bunhia dạng phân thức ta có:
\(M\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+6}\)
Đặt \(a+b+c=x\left(x\ge3\right)\)
=> \(M\ge\frac{x^2}{x+6}\)
Xét \(\frac{x^2}{x+6}\ge\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{2}{3}\)
<=>\(x^2\ge\frac{5}{9}x^2+\frac{8}{3}x-4\)
<=>\(\left(\frac{2}{3}x-2\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
=> \(M\ge\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{2}{3}\ge\frac{5}{9}.3-\frac{2}{3}=1\)
=>\(MinM=1\)xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Dễ chứng minh được \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)\(\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\left(true\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\le6\)
Ta có : \(T=\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{a+1}+1-\frac{1}{b+1}+1-\frac{1}{c+1}\)
\(=3-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)\)
\(\le3-\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\le3-\frac{9}{6+3}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)
\(T=\Sigma\frac{a}{1+9b^2}=\Sigma\left(a-\frac{9ab^2}{1+9b^2}\right)\ge^{C-S}\Sigma\left(a-\frac{9ab^2}{6b}\right)=1-\Sigma\frac{3ab}{2}\)
\(\ge1-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" tại a =b = c = 1/3