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Thay \(a+b+c\) vào \(A\) ta được:
\(A=\frac{a}{2017-c}+\frac{b}{2017-a}+\frac{c}{2017-b}\)
\(=\frac{a}{a+b+c-c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c-a}+\frac{c}{a+b+c-b}\)
\(=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{a+b}< \frac{a+b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\frac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\frac{c+b}{a+b+c}\)\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 2\left(1\right)\)
Lại có:
\(\frac{a}{a+b}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c}>\frac{b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta lại được:
\(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)\(=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A>1\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow1< A< 2\)
Vậy \(A\) không phải là số nguyên (Đpcm)
cái này chứng minh 1 < A < 2. mình chỉ bít chứng minh 1 < A thui
Ta có \(\frac{a}{2017-c}>\frac{a}{2017};\frac{b}{2017-a}>\frac{b}{2017};\frac{c}{2017-b}>\frac{c}{2017}\)
suy ra \(A>\frac{a}{2017}+\frac{b}{2017}+\frac{c}{2017}=\frac{2017}{2017}=1\)
=> A > 1
\(A=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c-c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c-b}\\ A=\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}\\ \Rightarrow A>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=1\left(1\right)\\ A< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow1< A< B\\ \Rightarrow A\notin Z\)
Đặt:\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=@\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b@\\c=d@\end{matrix}\right.\)
khi đó: \(\dfrac{a^{2017}+b^{2017}}{c^{2017}+d^{2017}}=\dfrac{b^{2017}@^{2017}+b^{2017}}{d^{2017}@^{2017}+d^{2017}}=\dfrac{b^{2017}\left(@^{2017}+1\right)}{d^{2017}\left(@^{2017}+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^{2017}}{d^{2017}}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^{2017}}{\left(c-d\right)^{2017}}=\dfrac{\left(b@-b\right)^{2017}}{\left(d@-d\right)^{2017}}=\dfrac{\left[b\left(@-1\right)\right]^{2017}}{\left[d\left(@-1\right)\right]^{2017}}=\dfrac{b^{2017}}{d^{2017}}\)
Ta có điều phải chứng minh
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{a^{2017}+c^{2017}}{b^{2017}+d^{2017}}=\dfrac{b^{2017}\cdot k^{2017}+d^{2017}\cdot k^{2017}}{b^{2017}+d^{2017}}=k^{2017}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2017}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2017}}=\dfrac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2017}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2017}}=k^{2017}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^{2017}+c^{2017}}{b^{2017}+d^{2017}}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2017}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2017}}\)
theo bài ra ta có
\(\frac{a^{2015}}{b^{2017}+c^{2019}}=\frac{b^{2017}}{a^{2015}+c^{2019}}=\frac{c^{2019}}{a^{2015}+b^{2017}}\)
=>\(\frac{a^{2015}}{b^{2017}+c^{2019}}+1=\frac{b^{2017}}{a^{2015}+c^{2019}}+1=\frac{c^{2019}}{a^{2015}+b^{2017}}+1\)
=> \(\frac{a^{2015}+b^{2017}+c^{2019}}{b^{2017}+c^{2019}}=\frac{a^{2015}+b^{2017}+c^{2019}}{a^{2015}+c^{2019}}=\frac{a^{2015}+b^{2017}+c^{2019}}{a^{2015}+b^{2017}}\)
- nếu a2015+ b2017 +c2019 = 0
=> b2017+ c2019 = -(a2015) (1)
=> a2015+ c2019= -(b2017) (2)
=> a2015+ b2017= -(c2019) (3)
thay 1, 2, 3 vào S ta có:
S = \(\frac{b^{2017}+c^{2019}}{a^{2015}}+\frac{a^{2015}+c^{2019}}{b^{2017}}+\frac{a^{2015}+b^{2017}}{c^{2019}}\)
=> S =\(\frac{-\left(a^{2015}\right)}{a^{2015}}+\frac{-\left(b^{2017}\right)}{b^{2017}}+\frac{-\left(c^{2019}\right)}{c^{2019}}\)
S = -1 + -1 + -1
S = -3
vậy S ko phụ thuộc vào giá trị a,b,c
- nếu a2015+b2017+c2019 khác 0
=> b2017+c2019 = a2015+c2019=a2015+b2017
=> b2017 = a2015 = c2019
=>S=\(\frac{b^{2017}+c^{2019}}{a^{2015}}+\frac{a^{2015}+c^{2019}}{b^{2017}}+\frac{a^{2015}+b^{2017}}{c^{2019}}=\frac{2a^{2015}}{a^{2015}}+\frac{2b^{2017}}{b^{2017}}+\frac{2c^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=2+2+2=6\)
VẬY S ko phụ thuộc vào các giá trị của a,b,c
từ 2 trường hợp trên => giá trị của biểu thức S ko phụ thuộc vào giá trị của a,b,c (đpcm)
b. Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}=\dfrac{2a}{2b}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^{2017}-c^{2017}}{b^{2017}-d^{2017}}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^{2017}-\left(dk\right)^{2017}}{b^{2017}-d^{2017}}=\dfrac{b^{2017}k^{2017}-d^{2017}k^{2017}}{b^{2017}-k^{2017}}=\dfrac{k^{2017}\left(b^{2017}-d^{2017}\right)}{b^{2017}-d^{2017}}=k^{2017}\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(k=\dfrac{a}{b}\Rightarrow k^{2017}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^{2017}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^{2017}-c^{2017}}{b^{2017}-d^{2017}}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^{2017}\)
\(a+b+c=2017\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c-c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c-a}\)
\(A=\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 2\left(1\right)\)
\(A>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A>1\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow1< A< 2\)
vay A \(\notin Z\)