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Ta có a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc
=[ (a+ b)3 + c3 ] - [3ab(a+b) + 3abc] = (a + b+ c)3 - 3(a + b).c(a + b + c) - 3ab.(a + b + c)
= (a + b+ c). [(a + b + c)2 - 3c(a + b) - 3ab]
= (a + b+ c).(a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca - 3ac - 3bc - 3ab)
= (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)
=> \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc}=a+b+c=2009\)
Vậy.......
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+abc+a^2c+b^2a+b^2c+abc+bc^2+ac^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+ac\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+ac+bc+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow....\)
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Đa Vít - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Em tham khảo phần sau tại link trên.
T>a có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
=>\(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
=> \(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
=> \(ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ca\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
=> \(a^2b+ab^2+abc+abc+b^2c+bc^2+ca^2+abc+ac^2=abc\)
=> \(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+ca^2+ac^2+2abc=0\)
=> \(\left(a^2b+2abc+bc^2\right)+\left(ab^2+2abc+ac^2\right)+\left(b^2c-2abc+ca^2\right)=0\)
=> \(b\left(a+c\right)^2+a\left(b+c\right)^2+c\left(a-b\right)^2=0\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+c=0\\b+c=0\\a-b=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-c\\b=-c\\a=b\end{cases}}}\)
=> trong 3 số a,b,c có 2 số đối nhau ( đpcm)
Thay a=-c ,b = -c vào \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{\left(-c\right)^{2019}}+\frac{1}{\left(-c\right)^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\)(1)
\(\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{\left(-c\right)^{2019}+\left(-c\right)^{2019}+c^{2019}}=-\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\) (2)
Từ (1),(2) => \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}\) (đpcm)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\left(h\right)b=-c\left(h\right)c=-a\)
Thay vào tính nốt
P/s: Đề đúng phải là CM \(\frac{1}{a^{2009}}+\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{a^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+c^2a+ca^2+3abc-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2b+ab^2\right)+\left(c^2a+bc^2\right)+\left(ca^2+2abc+b^2c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+c^2+bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
=> a+b=0 hoặc b+c=0 hoặc c+a=0
=> a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c=-a
Không mất tổng quát g/sử a=-b
Khi đó: \(\frac{1}{a^{2009}}+\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{c^{2009}}=-\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{c^{2009}}\)
và \(\frac{1}{a^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{-b^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{c^{2009}}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a^{2009}}+\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{a^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)=> \(\frac{bc+ac+ab}{abc}=1\) => bc + ac + ab - abc = 0
<=> c.(a + b) + ab.(1 - c) = 0
<=> c.(a + b) + ab. (a + b) = 0 <=> (a + b).(c + ab) = 0
<=> (a+ b).(1 - a - b + ab) = 0 <=> (a + b).[(1- b) - a.(1 - b)] = 0 <=> (a + b). (1 - a).(1 - b) = 0
<=> a + b = hoặc 1 - a = 0 hoặc 1 - b = 0
+) a + b = 0 => a = - b và c = 1 => S = a2009 + b2009 + c2009 = (-b)2009 + b2009 + 12009 = 1
+) a = 1 => b + c = 0 => b = - c . tương tự => S = 1
+) b = 1. tương tự => S = 1
Vậy S = 1
\(a+b+c=1=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+c}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+c}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+abc+bc^2+c^2a-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b\right).c^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[ab+bc+ca+c^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\text{ hoặc }b+c=0\text{ hoặc }c+a=0\)
Do vai trò của a, b, c là như nhau nên không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử b + c = 0.\(b+c=0\Leftrightarrow b=-c\Rightarrow b^{2009}+c^{2009}=\left(-c\right)^{2009}+c^{2009}=-c^{2009}+c^{2009}=0\)
\(1=a+b+c=a+0=a\)
\(\Rightarrow a^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}=1^{2009}+0=1\text{ (đpcm)}\)
Xét tử \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3abc-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[a^2+b^2+2ab-ac-bc+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca}=a+b+c=2009\)
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