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Chứng minh bất đẳng thức \(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
Có: \(\left[\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\left(\sqrt{x}^2+\sqrt{y}^2+\sqrt{z}^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) (Bunyakovsky)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
abc = 1 => a^2.b^2.c^2 = 1
\(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ac}+\frac{\left(ac\right)^2}{bc+ba}+\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{ca+cb}\ge\frac{\left(ab+ac+bc\right)^2}{2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}=\frac{\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}{2}\)
\(\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{ab.ac.bc}}{2}\)(Cauchy) \(=\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\\frac{bc}{ab+ac}=\frac{ac}{bc+ba}+\frac{ab}{ca+cb}\Leftrightarrow\end{cases}a=b=c}\)
Mà abc=1 <=> a^3 = 1 <=> a=1 => b=c=a=1
https://diendantoanhoc.net/topic/80159-ch%E1%BB%A9ng-minh-frac1a2b3cfrac12a3bcfrac13bb2c-leqslant-frac316/
bạn tham khảo ở đây nhé
Ta có: \(\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+6\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+6\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2+6\)
\(=\frac{100}{3}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopkxy:
\((2a^2+b^2)(2a^2+c^2)=(a^2+a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2+a^2)\geq (a^2+ac+ab)^2\)
\(=[a(a+b+c)]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^3}{(2a^2+b^2)(2a^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{a^3}{[a(a+b+c)]^2}=\frac{a}{(a+b+c)^2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế thu được:
\(\sum \frac{a^3}{(2a^2+b^2)(2a^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{(a+b+c)^2}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Áp dụng BĐT C-S ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot VT\ge\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Mặt khác ta cũng có bổ đề \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\frac{9}{4}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ta dc DPCM
Dấu "=" xay ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có \(\left(b+c\right)^2\le2\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)
=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{a^2+2b^2+c^2}\)
=> \(VT\ge\Sigma\frac{a^4}{a^4+2b^2a^2+2a^2c^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2+\frac{2}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}=\frac{3}{5}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\) và \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\) ta có :
\(\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+\frac{1}{a}+b+\frac{1}{b}+c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}{3}=\frac{\left(1+9\right)^2}{3}=\frac{100}{3}\)
Vậy \(\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{100}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)