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Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a< bk;c=dk\Rightarrow a+c< bk+dk=\left(b+d\right)k\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{\left(b+d\right)k}{b+d}=k\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
<=> \(a\left(b+d\right)>b\left(a+c\right)\)
<=> \(ab+ad>bc+ba\)
<=> \(ad>bc\)[ Đoạn này ta thấy ba bên vế trái và vế phải giống nhau nên rút gọn bớt đi ]
<=> \(a>b\)
=> \(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
TA CÓ: \(\frac{a}{a+b}>\frac{a}{a+b+c};\frac{b}{b+c}>\frac{b}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{c+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}>\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\left(1\right)\)
TA LUÔN CÓ: \(\frac{a}{a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c};\frac{b}{b+c}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{a+b+c}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\left(2\right)\)
TỪ (1) VÀ (2) => \(1< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< 2\)
VẬY TA CÓ ĐPCM.
Cho \(B=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\)
Cm B>1
Ta có \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}\)(vì phân số cùng tử thì mẫu số nào lớn hơn thì phân số đó bé hơn)
CM tương tự ta có\(\frac{b}{a+b+c}< \frac{b}{b+c}\)
\(\frac{c}{a+b+c}< \frac{c}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\)
1 < B
CM B<2
Ta có \(\frac{a}{a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c}\)( Vì ta có công thức \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
Cm tương tự như phần trên rồi cộng vế theo vế ta có B<2
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad>bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1); (2) => \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (đpcm)
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad=bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b-d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)( đpcm )
Ta có : \(b>0,d>0,\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( 1 )
\(\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(d+b\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
Vì \(b>0,d>0,\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}=ad< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\) ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d};\frac{b}{a+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+c+b+d};\frac{c}{b+c+d}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{a+b+c}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{c+d+a}+\frac{c}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+c+b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{c+d+a}+\frac{c}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}>\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(\frac{a}{b+c+d}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c+d}< \frac{a+c}{b+c+a+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{c+d+a}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{b}{b+c}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{b+c+d}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{c}{b+c+d}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{a+b+c}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{d}{a+b+c}< \frac{d+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{c+d+a}+\frac{c}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{c+d+a}+\frac{c}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}< \frac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow1< \frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{c+d+a}+\frac{c}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}< 2\)
Vậy a,b,c,d>0 thì \(1< \frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{c+d+a}+\frac{c}{b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}=1+\frac{a}{b}+1+\frac{b}{c}+1+\frac{c}{a}=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)>2\)