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a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) mtăng = mFe - mH2
=> mH2 = 8,4 - 8,1 = 0,3 (mol)
=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
c) nHCl(pư) = 0,3 (mol)
a,\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,05 0,15
b,Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{3}\) ⇒ Al hết, H2SO4 dư
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4dư}=\left(0,3-0,15\right).98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
d, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.18,25}{100}=18,25\left(g\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,125 0,125 (mol )
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\
\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{8,125}{8,125+18,25}.100\%=30,8\%\)
Bài 18:
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100.18,25\%=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,125.2=0,25\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Có: m dd sau pư = 8,125 + 100 - 0,25 = 107,875 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125.136}{107,875}.100\%\approx15,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5}{107,875}.100\%\approx8,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{27}=o,1mol\)
n HCl = o,2 mol
2 Al +6 HCl →2AlCl3 + 3H2
bđ: 0,1
đang bận !
\(nAl=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(nHCl=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
2 6 2 3 (mol)
0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3 (mol)
LTL : 0,3 / 2 > 0,6/6
=> Al dư sau pứ , HCl đủ vs pứ
\(mAl_{\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(mAlCl_3=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
1 1 1 1 (mol)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol)
=> \(mCu=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\)
=> Al dư HCl hết
theo pthh : \(n_{Al\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al\left(d\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
theo pthh : \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)
theo pthh : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
pthh: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O+Cu\)
0,3 0,3
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\)
nAl=8,1/27=0,3mol ;nH2SO4=53,9/98=0,55mol
ta có pt : 2Al+3H2SO4---->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
Trước p/u: 0,3mol 0,55mol
p/u : 0,3mol 0,45mol
Saup/u: 0mol 0,1mol 0,15mol 0,45mol
=>H2SO4 dư
mH2SO4 dư =0,1.98=9,8g
b,mAl2SO43 =0,15.294=44,1g
c, mH2=0,45.2=0,9g
V H2=0,45.22,4=10,08l
a) \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=0,2.2=0,4mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6g\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2mol\)
Thể tích khí hidro sinh ra (ở đktc):
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l.\)
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có tỉ lệ\(\dfrac{0,3}{2}< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\) => Al phản ứng hết, \(H_2SO_4\) dư
=> m\(H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)\) = \(0,6.98-\left(0,6-\dfrac{0,3.3}{2}\right).98=44,1\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,3=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Ta có: nAl = 0,3 mol; nH2SO4 = 0,6mol
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Al}}{2}< \dfrac{n_{H2SO4}}{3}\) suy ra Al phản ứng hết, axit còn dư.
=> nH2SO4 pứ = 3/2nAl = 0,45
=> nH2SO4 dư = 0,15 => mH2SO4 dư = ....
nH2 = 3/2nAl =.... => VH2 =.....
Em tự hoàn thành phần cô bỏ trống nhé.