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PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot29,4\%}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư, Nhôm p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72 \left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(saup/ứ\right)}=m_{Al}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=204,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{204,8}\cdot100\%\approx16,7\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{29,4}{204,8}\cdot100\%\approx14,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaCO_3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\\m_{BaCO_3}=0,2\cdot197=39,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4.6}{23}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.2......................0.2.......0.1\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
Dung dịch X : NaOH
\(m_{dd_X}=4.6+200-0.1\cdot2=204.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot40}{204.4}\cdot100\%=3.9\%\%\)
\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2mol\\ a.MgCO_3+H_2SO_4->MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_{\text{4 }}->Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.80.0,1:40=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(MgCO_3\right)}=0,2mol\\ c.C\%=\dfrac{98.0,3}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\\ V=0,2.22,4=4,48L\\ d.m_{ddsau}=200+16,8-44.0,2+80=288g\\ C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{40.0,1}{288}.100\%=1,39\%\\ C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{120.0,2}{288}.100\%=8,33\%\)
\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{80}{40}=2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,2
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
2 1 1
Vậy có 0,2 mol H2SO4 phản ứng với MgCO3
có 1 mol H2SO4 phản ứng với NaOH
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=1,2.98=117,6\left(g\right)\)
\(c,C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{117,6}{200}.100\%=58,8\%\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(d,m_{Na_2SO_4}=1.142=142\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{80.100}{10}=800\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4dư}=1.98:58,8\%\approx166,67\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNa_2SO_4}=800+166,67=966,67\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{142}{966,67}.100\%\approx14,69\%\)
a) $Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
b)
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{224}{1000.22,4} = 0,01(mol)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,01.98}{100}.100\% = 0,98\%$
$\Rightarrow x = 0,98$
c) $n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = 0,01(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = m_{Fe} + m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} - m_{H_2} = 0,01.56 + 100 - 0,01.2 = 100,54(gam)$
$C\%_{FeSO_4} = \dfrac{0,01.152}{100,54}.100\% = 1,51\%$
nCO2=0,4(mol)
a) PTHH: 2 NaOH + CO2 -> Na2CO3 + H2O
0,8_________0,4________0,4(mol)
=> mNaOH=0,8.40=32(g)
=>C%ddNaOH=(32/200).100=16%
b) mddNa2CO3=mddNaOH+mCO2=200+0,4.44=217,6(g)
mNa2CO3=106.0,4=42,4(g)
=>C%ddNa2CO3=(42,4/217,6).100=19,485%
Chúc em học tốt!
nCO2=8,96/22,4=0,4mol
a/ CO2+2NaOH→Na2CO3+H2O
0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4
mNaOH=0,8.40=32g
C%ddNaOH=mct/mdd.100%=32/200.100%=16%
b/mCO2=0,4.44=17,6g
Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng:
mCO2+mNaOH=mNa2CO3
17,6g+200g=217,6g
mNa2CO3=0,4.106=42,4g
C%ddNa2CO3=mct/mdd.100%=42,4/217,6.100=19,4852g
Bài 1:
a. CH4 + 2O2 ---> 2 H2O + CO2
0,2------------0,4--------------------0,2 (mol)
nCH4=\(\dfrac{3,2}{16}\)=0,2(mol)
=> nO2=0,2*2=0,4 (mol)=> VO2=0,4*22,4=8,96(l)
b. nCO2=0,2 (mol)
=>mCO2=0,2*44=8,8(g)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6.2}{62}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(0.1.......................0.2\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot40}{200}\cdot100\%=4\%\)
\(2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
\(0.2..................0.1\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)