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a) mFe= 46,289% x 60,5 \(\approx\) 28(g)
mZn=60,5 - 28= 32,5(g)
b) nFe= 28/56=0,5(mol)
nZn=32,5/65=0,5(mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
0,2_________0,4____0,2____0,2(mol)
Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2___0,4___0,2____0,2(mol)
V(H2, tổng đktc)= (0,2+0,2).22,4=8,96(l)
c) m(muối)=mFeCl2+ mZnCl2= 0,2.127 + 0,2. 136= 52,6(g)
\(n_{Mg}=2x\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot0.45=0.9\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot2x+2\cdot x=0.9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0.15\)
\(m_{hh}=0.3\cdot24+0.15\cdot56=15.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.45\cdot22.4=10.08\left(l\right)\)
Bài 1:
a) PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+2H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=20\cdot80\%=16\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=20-16=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hhB}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot56+0,05\cdot64=14,4\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
a) Vì khối lượng Cu bằng \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) khối lượng Fe
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=\dfrac{26,4}{6+5}\cdot6=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=26,4-14,4=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,4}{64}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9}{28}+0,225=\dfrac{153}{280}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{153}{280}\cdot22,4=12,24\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{28}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3}{28}\cdot160\approx17,14\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,225\cdot80=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=35,14\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{17,14}{35,14}\cdot100\%\approx48,78\%\\\%m_{CuO}=51,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) mCu = 1,875 (g)
=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{1,875}{10}.100\%=18,75\%\)
\(\%Zn=\dfrac{10-1,875}{10}.100\%=81,25\%\)
b) \(m_{Zn}=10-1,875=8,125\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,125------------------>0,125
=> VH2 = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8 (l)
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
Bài 1:
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl\(_2\) + H\(_2\)
Mol: 0,5 : 1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,5 : 0,5
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl\(_2\) + H\(_2\)
Mol: 0,5 : 1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,5 : 0,5
a) Ta có:
%m\(_{Fe}\)= 46,289%
=> m\(_{Fe}\)= \(\frac{46,289\%.60,5}{100\%}\)= 28(g)
m\(_{Zn}\)= 60,5 - 28 = 32,5 (g)
b) Ta có: m\(_{Fe}\)= 28(g)
=> n\(_{Fe}\)= 0,5(mol)
Ta lại có: m\(_{Zn}\)= 32,5 (g)
=> n\(_{Zn}\)= 0,5(mol)
V\(_{H_2}\)= (0,5 + 0,5).22,4= 22,4 (l)
c) m\(_{ZnCl_2}\) = 0,5. 136= 68(g)
m\(_{FeCl_2}\)= 0,5.127= 63,5(g)
m\(_{Muối}\)= 131,5(g)
Chúc bạn học tốt 
Bài 2:
Gọi kim loại là A, oxit A là AxOy
AxOy + 2yHCl => xACl2y/x + yH2O
nA = m/M = 16/(Ax+16y) (mol)
nAClx = 32.5/(A+35.5x2y/x)
Đặt hai số mol trên lên phương trình
Theo đề bài và phương trình trên, ta có:
\(\frac{16}{Ax+16y}x=\frac{32.5}{A+35.5\frac{2y}{x}}\)
32.5Ax + 520y = 16Ax + 1136y
16.5Ax = 616y => A = \(\frac{112}{3}\)y/x
Vì kim loại có hóa trị tối đa là III
Nếu: x = 1, y = 1 => A = 112/3 (Loại)
Nếu x = 2; y = 1 => A = 112x2/3 (loại)
Nếu x = 2; y = 3 => A = 56 (nhận)
Vậy kim loại là Fe (sắt)
mFe = \(60,5\times\dfrac{46,289}{100}=28\left(g\right)\)
=> nFe = \(\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\) mol
mZn = mhh - mFe = 60,5 - 28 = 32,5 (g)
=> nZn = \(\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\) mol
Pt: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + .....H2
0,5 mol-----------> 0,5 mol-> 0,5 mol
.....Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,5 mol----------> 0,5 mol-> 0,5 mol
VH2 = (0,5 + 0,5) . 22,4 = 22,4 (lít)
mmuối = mZnCl2 + mFeCl2 = 0,5. (136 + 127) = 131,5 (g)
mFe=60,5.46,289%=28(g)
=>nFe=28/56=0,5(mol)
=>mZn=60,5-28=32,5(g)
=>nZn=32,5/65=0,5(mol)
Zn+2HCl--->ZnCl2+H2
0,5_________0,5____0,5
Fe+2HCl--->FeCl2+H2
0,5_________0,5___0,5
\(\Sigma nH2=\)0,5+9,5=1(mol)
=>VH2=1.22,4=22,4(l)
m muối=0,5.136+0,5.127=131,5(g)