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\(a,Đặt:n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right);n_{C_4H_{10}}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ 2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)8CO_2+10H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}16a+58b=7,4\\22,4a+22,4.4b=22\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{C_4H_{10}}=0,1.58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,n_{O_2}=2a+\dfrac{13}{2}b=2.0,1+6,5.0,1=0,85\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,85.22,4=19,04\left(l\right)\)
a) Gọi số mol C2H4, C3H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17,6}{44}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
a----->3a--------->2a
2C3H6 + 9O2 --to--> 6CO2 + 6H2O
b------>4,5b------->3b
=> 2a + 3b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) =>a = 0,05 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,15}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{C_3H_6}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,15}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nO2 = 3a + 4,5b = 0,6 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
Gọi a (mol) và b (mol) lần lượt là số mol của C2H4 và C3H6, ta có:
Giả thiết: a+b=3,36/22,4=0,15 (1).
BT C: 2a+3b=17,6/44=0,4 (2).
Giải hệ phương trình gồm (1) và (2), ta suy ra a=0,05 (mol) và b=0,1 (mol).
a. %V\(C_2H_4\)=0,05/0,15.100%\(\approx\)33,33% \(\Rightarrow\) %V\(C_3H_6\)\(\approx\)100%-33,33%\(\approx\)66,67%.
b. nnước=0,5.(0,05.4+0,1.6)=0,4 (mol).
BTKL: m\(O_2\)=17,6+0,4.18-(0,05.28+0,1.42)=19,2 (g) \(\Rightarrow\) n\(O_2\)=19,2/32=0,6 (mol).
Thể tích cần tìm là 0,6.22,4=13,44 (lít).
\(Đặt:n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right),n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.15\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow a+2b=0.2\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.05\)
Vì : tỉ lệ thể tích tương ứng với tỉ lệ số mol :
\(\%n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.15}\cdot100\%=66.67\%\)
\(\%n_{C_2H_4}=100-66.67=33.33\%\)
Chúc em học tốt !!
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Sigma n_{hhkA}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\\ \rightarrow x+y=0,15\left(1\right)\)
\(PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
(mol)........x....->...2x.......x..............2x
\(PTHH:C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
(mol)........y......->...3y...........2y........2y
\(\Sigma n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow x+2y=0,2\)
Giải hpt (1) (2) ta được x=0,1 ; y=0,05
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1.22,4}{3,36}.100\%=66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Ag}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=27a+108b=5.4\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(a......0.75a...0.5a\)
\(m_{Cr}=0.5\cdot102a+108b=7.5\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=\dfrac{7}{80},b=\dfrac{9}{320}\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.75\cdot\dfrac{7}{80}\cdot22.4=1.47\left(l\right)\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{\dfrac{7}{80}\cdot27}{5.4}\cdot100\%=43.75\%\)
\(\%Ag=56.25\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2.....................................0.3\)
\(m_{Cu}=10-0.2\cdot27=4.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{4.6}{64}=\dfrac{23}{320}\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2CuO\)
\(V_{O_2}=\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot0.2+\dfrac{23}{320\cdot2}\right)\cdot22.4=4.165\left(l\right)\)
a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
b, Sửa đề: 17,9 (l) → 17,92 (l)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)=n_C\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{18}{18}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_H=1.2=2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mA = mC + mH = 0,8.12 + 2.1 = 11,6 (g)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mA + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O
⇒ mO2 = 0,8.44 + 18 - 11,6 = 41,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{32}=1,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1,3.22,4=29,12\left(l\right)\)
Gọi a, b lần lượt là số mol CH4, O2
Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\\16a+32b=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
0,15.....0,1.......
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) => CH4 dư, O2 hết
\(n_{CH_4\left(dư\right)}=0,15-\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CH_4}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}.44=2,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
a)
$CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O$
$C_2H_4 + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 + 2H_2O$
b)
Gọi $V_{CH_4} = a ; V_{C_2H_4} = b$
Ta có :
$a + b = 5,6$
$V_{CO_2} = a + 2b = 8,96$
Suy ra a = 2,24 ; b = 3,36
Vậy :
$\%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{2,24}{5,6}.100\% = 40\%$
$\%V_{C_2H_4} = 100\% -40\% = 60\%$
c)
$V_{O_2} = 2a + 3b = 2,24.2 + 3,36.3 = 14,56(lít)$