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CH3COOH + NaOH => CH3COONa + H2O
C2H5OH + Na => C2H5ONa + 1/2 H2
nNaOH = 0.1x3 = 0.3 (mol) = nCH3COOH
nNa = 4.6/23 = 0.2 (mol) = nC2H5OH
==> mC2H5OH = n.M = 0.2 x 46 = 9.2 (g)
mCH3COOH = n.M = 0.3 x 60 = 18 (g)
mhh = 9.2 + 18 = 27.2 (g)
%mC2H5OH = 9.2x100/27.2 = 33.82 %
==> %mCH3COOH = 100 - 33.82 = 66.18%
CH3COOH + C2H5OH => (t^o,H2SO4đ) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
nCH3COOH = 0.3 > nC2H5OH = 0.2
==> nCH3COOC2H5 = 0.2 (mol)
==> mCH3COOC2H5 = 0.2x82x40/100 = 6.56 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: K2CO3 + 2 HCl ->2 KCl + H2O + CO2
x___________2x______2x____________x(mol)
KHCO3 + HCl -> KCl + H2O + CO2
y____y__________y_______y(mol)
mHCl= 27,375.0,2= 5,475
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2.36,5x+36,5y=5,475\\22,4x+22,4y=2,24\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\x=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
mK2CO3= 0,05.138= 6,9(g)
mKHCO3= 0,05.100=5(g)
=> %mK2CO3= (6,9/11,9).100=57,893%
=> %mKHCO3= 100%- 57,893%= 42,107%
c) mKCl= 0,15. 74,5=11,175(g)
mddKCl= mhh+ mddHCl - mCO2= 11,9+27,375- 0,1.44=34,875(g)
=> C%ddKCl = (11,175/34,875).100=32,043%
a) Gọi số mol CH3COOH, C2H5OH là a, b (mol)
=> 60a + 46b = 25,8 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + H2
a------------------------->0,5a
2Na + 2C2H5OH --> 2C2H5ONa + H2
b--------------------->0,5b
=> 0,5a + 0,5b = 0,25 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,3 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,2.60}{25,8}.100\%=46,51\%\\\%m_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{0,3.46}{25,8}.100\%=53,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=\dfrac{13,2}{88}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH3COOH + C2H5OH --H2SO4(đ),to--> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => Hiệu suất tính theo CH3COOH
PTHH: CH3COOH + C2H5OH --H2SO4(đ),to--> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
0,15<---------------------------------0,15
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}.100\%=75\%\)
nH2 = \(\frac{1,68}{22,4}\) = 0,075 (mol)
Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2\(\uparrow\) (1)
0,075 <--------0,075 <--0,075 (mol)
MgO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2O (2)
%mMg= \(\frac{0,075.24}{5,8}\) . 100% = 31,03 %
%m MgO = 68,97%
nMgO = \(\frac{5,8-0,075.24}{40}\) = 0,1 (mol)
Theo pt(2) nMgCl2 = nMgO= 0,1 (mol)
mdd sau pư = 5,8 + 194,35 - 0,075.2 = 200 (g)
C%(MgCl2) = \(\frac{95\left(0,075+0,1\right)}{200}\) . 100% = 8,3125%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(2A1+2NAOH+2H_2O-2NaA10_2+H_2O\)
\(AI_2O_3=2NaOH+2NaOHA10_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{AI}=27.0,4=10,8\left(gam\right);mAI_2O_3=31,2-10,8=20,4\left(gam\right)\)
Biết làm mỗi câu A
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
Đặt :
nC2H5OH = a (mol)
nCH3OH = b (mol)
=> mhh = 46a + 32b = 5.5 (g) (1)
nH2 = 0.075 (mol)
C2H5OH + K => C2H5OK + 1/2 H2
CH3OH + K => CH3OK + 1/2H2
=> 0.5a + 0.5b = 0.075 (2)
(1) , (2) :
a = 0.05
b = 0.1
%m C2H5OH = 0.05*46/5.5 * 100% = 41.82%
%m CH3OH = 58.18%