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\(n_{K_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
K2CO3 + HCl → KHCO3 + KCl (1)
0,1...........0,1.........0,1
KHCO3 + HCl → KCl + H2O + CO2 (2)
2KHCO3 + 2NaOH → K2CO3 + Na2CO3 + 2H2O (3)
Theo PT (3) \(n_{NaOH}=n_{KHCO_3\left(3\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) < \(n_{KHCO_3\left(1\right)}\)
=>Phản ứng (2) có xảy ra : \(n_{KHCO_3\left(2\right)}=n_{KHCO_3\left(1\right)}-n_{KHCO_3\left(3\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,1+0,05=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,15}{1}=0,15\left(l\right)\)
a, \(2HCl+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=0,06.0,1=0,006\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,003\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,003}{0,2}=0,015\left(l\right)=15\left(ml\right)\)
c, \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,003\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,003}{0,06+0,015}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot36,5}{300}\cdot100\%\approx2,43\%\\C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CuO\left(lý.thuyết\right)}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,1\cdot95\%=0,095\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,095\cdot80=7,6\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,1\cdot3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,1\cdot3=0,3mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,3 0,15
\(m=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(V=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36l\)
Đổi 100ml=0,1l
\(Al+2HCl\rightarrow AlCl_2+H_2\)
tl1........2.............1..........1.(mol)
Br0,15...0,3......0,15.....0,15(mol)
\(n_{HCl}=C_M.Vdd=0,1.3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=n.M=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H^+}=0,07mol=n_{OH^-}\)=>\(v=\dfrac{0,07}{0,2+0,1.2}=0,175l\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.50}{100.36,5}=2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
_______________2----------------->1
=> VCO2 = 1.22,4 = 22,4 (l)
=> C
NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
n NaOH =CM.Vdd =0,5.0,6=0,3(mol)
n HCl =CM.Vdd=0,2V
n NaOH=nHCl =>0,2V=0,3
=>V=0,3:0,2=1,5(l)