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a)
$Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 6KOH \to 2Fe(OH)_3 + 3K_2SO_4$
b)
$n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
$n_{KOH} = \dfrac{16,8}{56} =0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{KOH} : 3 < n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} : 1$ nên $Fe_2(SO_4)_3$ dư
$n_{Fe(OH)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe(OH)_3} = 0,05(mol)$
$m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.160 = 8(gam)$
\(a,PTHH:CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\\ b,PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow^{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{200.8,4}{100}:56=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{250.3,25}{100}:162,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(3KOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3KCl\)
0,15 <----- 0,05 -----> 0,05 --------> 0,15
Xét tỉ lệ thấy: \(\dfrac{0,3}{3}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\) nên KOH dư sau phản ứng.
\(n_{KOH.dư}=0,3-0,15=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh \(n_{kt}=n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,05.107=5,35\left(g\right)\)
Nung kết tủa:
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
0,05---------> 0,025
Theo pthh \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,05=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(q=m_{F_2O_3}=0,025.160=4\left(g\right)\)
Dung dịch X gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}KOH:0,15\left(mol\right)\\KCl:0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd.X}=m_{dd.KOH}+m_{dd.FeCl_3}-m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=200+250-5,35=444,65\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,15.56.100}{444,65}=1,89\%\)
\(C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,15.74,5.100}{444,65}=2,51\%\)
n CuSO4 = \(\dfrac{11,2}{160}\)= 0.07 mol
a, PTHH
CuSO4 + 2KOH------------> Cu[OH]2 + K2SO4
0.07mol-------0.14mol----------0.07mol
b, mCu[OH]2 = 0,07. 98 =6,86 g
c, 80ml= 0,08l
CM KOH = \(\dfrac{n}{V}\)= \(\dfrac{0,14}{0,08}\)= 1,75 M
Đề không đề cập nung trong điều kiện nào nên mình coi như nung trong không khí nhé.
PT: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(MgSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
Giả sử dd chứa a (l)
Ta có: nCuSO4 = 0,2a (mol), nMgSO4 = 0,1a (mol), nFeSO4 = 0,2a (mol)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgSO_4}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeSO_4}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 0,2a.80 + 0,1a.40 + 0,1a.160 = 18
⇒ a = 0,5 (l)
⇒ V = 500 (ml)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
a) CuSO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 (1)
0,13 -> 0,26 -> 0,13 (mol)
Cu(OH)2 -> CuO + H2O (2)
0,13 -> 0,13 (mol)
b) mCuSO4= \(\dfrac{5\cdot416}{100}\)=20,8(g)
nCuSO4= \(\dfrac{20,8}{160}\)=0,13(mol)
=>mCuO= 0,13.80=10,4(g)
c)250ml=0,25l
CmKOH= \(\dfrac{0,26}{0,25}\)=1,04M