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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma\dfrac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\Sigma\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{4}{16}\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)=\dfrac{2017}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4034}\)
Trai Vô Đối câu này đề thi vô lớp 10 tỉnh Thanh Hóa ( tất cả thí sinh nek .... lúc nào rảnh mik đăng lên thử xem sao )
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)+\left(2y+x+z\right)}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y+x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+x+y+z}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
tương tự với hai ông còn lại sau đó cộng lại ta được:
\(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}\le\dfrac{24}{16}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Biến đổi: \(P=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{y+z}{4x}+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{x+z}{4y}+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{x+y}{4z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{9}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\underbrace{\left(\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{x+z}{y}+\frac{z+y}{x}\right)}_{M}\)
Xét M
Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm: \(M\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)}{xyz}}\)
Tiếp tục Am-Gm: \((x+y)(y+z)(z+x)\geq 2\sqrt{xy}.2\sqrt{yz}.2\sqrt{zx}=8xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow M\geq 3\sqrt[3]{8}=6\)
Do đó \(P=\frac{9}{4}-\frac{M}{4}\leq \frac{9}{4}-\frac{6}{4}\Leftrightarrow M\leq \frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(P_{\max}=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(2x^2+2xy+5y^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{x+2y}{3x+y+5z}+\dfrac{y+2z}{3y+z+5x}+\dfrac{z+2x}{3x+x+5y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(3x+y+5z\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{\left(y+2z\right)\left(3y+z+5x\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{\left(z+2x\right)\left(3x+x+5y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{3x^2+2y^2+7xy+5xz+10yz}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{3y^2+2z^2+7yz+5xy+10xz}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{3z^2+2x^2+7xz+5yz+10xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y+y+2z+z+2x\right)^2}{5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+22\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+12\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{12\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=z\)
Sửa đề nhé\(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)\)
CMTT và cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}.24=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\geq \frac{16}{3x+3y+2z}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\geq \frac{16}{3x+2y+3z}\)
\(\frac{1}{z+y}+\frac{1}{z+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}\geq \frac{16}{2x+3y+3z}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow 4\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\geq 16\left(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\leq \frac{4.6}{16}=\frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta sẽ cm bđt:\(\dfrac{x^2}{a}+\dfrac{y^2}{b}+\dfrac{z^2}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)
Áp dụng bđt bunhia:
\(\left(\dfrac{x^2}{a}+\dfrac{y^2}{b}+\dfrac{z^2}{c}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a}+\dfrac{y^2}{b}+\dfrac{z^2}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)
Áp dụng vào suy ra:
\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
"="<=>x=y=z=\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Cách khác:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y+z}{2}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y+z}.\frac{y+z}{4}}=x\)
\(\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{x+z}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{x+z}.\frac{x+z}{4}}=y\)
\(\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{x+y}.\frac{x+y}{4}}=z\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn ta có:
\(A+\frac{x+y+z}{2}\geq x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(25P=\dfrac{x\left(2+3\right)^2}{2x+x+y+z}+\dfrac{y\left(2+3\right)^2}{2y+x+y+z}+\dfrac{z\left(2+3\right)^2}{2z+x+y+z}\)
\(25P\le x\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2x}+\dfrac{3^2}{x+y+z}\right)+y\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2y}+\dfrac{3^2}{x+y+z}\right)+z\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2z}+\dfrac{3^2}{x+y+z}\right)\)
\(25P\le6+\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=15\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)