Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{a}{2a+b+c}=\frac{a}{(a+b)+(a+c)}\leq \frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\frac{b}{2b+c+a}\leq \frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\frac{c}{2c+a+b}\leq \frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{c+b}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn ta được:
\(C\leq \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy $C_{\max}=\frac{3}{4}$ khi $a=b=c$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz và BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M^2=\left(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{c+a+2b}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{a+b+2c}}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c+2a}+\frac{b}{c+a+2b}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{a}{b+a}+\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "= " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x+y}{xy}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT trên ta có :
\(A=\frac{a}{2a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+2b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+a\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(1+1+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a=b=c
Ta có: \(A=\frac{a}{2a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+2b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)+\frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+c}{a+c}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c
Vậy max A = 3/4 đạt tại a= b = c .
GT => (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)=(a+1)+(b+1)+(c+1)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{a+1}=x,\frac{1}{1+b}=y,\frac{1}{c+1}=z\), ta cần tìm min của\(\frac{x}{x^2+1}+\frac{y}{y^2+1}+\frac{z}{z^2+1}\)với xy+yz+zx=1
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)Mà (x+y)(y+z)(z+x) >= 8/9 (x+y+z)(xy+yz+xz) >= \(\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{9}\) nên \(M\)=< \(\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\),dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=\(\sqrt{3}-1\)
Theo giả thiết, ta có: \(abc+ab+bc+ca=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c+1=a+b+c+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)=\left(a+1\right)+\left(b+1\right)+\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(a+1;b+1;c+1\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{x};\frac{\sqrt{3}}{y};\frac{\sqrt{3}}{z}\right)\). Khi đó giả thiết bài toán được viết lại thành xy + yz + zx = 3
Ta có: \(M=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a+1}{a^2+2a+2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a+1}{\left(a+1\right)^2+1}\)\(=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a+1+\frac{1}{a+1}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{x}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{y}{y^2+3}+\frac{z}{z^2+3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{x}{x^2+xy+yz+zx}\right)=\sqrt{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)hay \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}-1\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\)
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức COSI quen thuộc \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
=>\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+a+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{16\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{16\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{8\left(b+c\right)}\)
Làm tương tự đối với 2 biểu thức kia ta dc P\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)=\frac{2017}{4}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4034}\)
dùng Bất Đẳng Thức Cauchy chứng minh: với các số dương x;y;z;t
\(\left(x+y+z+t\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\right)\ge16\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\le\frac{16}{x+y+z+t}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=t áp dụng vào bài toán ta có
\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{16}\cdot\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)\)
từ đó tìm được maxP=502,25 dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4034}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+a}\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{2}{a+b}\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) \(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{16}.\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}.2017=\frac{2017}{4}\)
ap dung bdt \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{16}\left[\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}^2\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow16P\le\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(a+c^2\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)\(+\frac{2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
ap dung \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\) voi a+b=x, b+c=y, c+a=z
\(16P\le\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
tiếp tục áp dụng bdt ban đầu \(\frac{4}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\le4.16.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow16P\le\frac{1}{4}.16\left[\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]\)
=\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}\right)\)
tiep tuc ap dung bo de thu 2 ta co
\(16P\le\frac{1}{4}.4\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow p\le\frac{3}{16}\)dau =khi a=b=c=1
\(\frac{3}{4}-P=\frac{1}{4}\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(2a+b+c\right)\left(2b+c+a\right)}\ge0\)
Vậy \(P\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Cách 2: \(P=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{2a+b+c}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)