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gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
1.Ta có: \(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab\)
\(=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
CMTT \(a+bc=\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(b+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
Từ đó \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)( theo BĐT AM-GM)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}.3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy /...
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{ab^2-b^2}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}\)
\(=a+1-\frac{b\left(a+1\right)}{2}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại:
\(RHS\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+a+b+c}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)
Ez to prove \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{6054}{3}\ge ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow ab+ca+bc\le2018\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+2018}}\le\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(P\le\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}=3\)
Ta có:
Theo bất đẳng thức Cô - si, ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{bc}\le\frac{a+b+a+c}{2}+\frac{b+c}{2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{bc}\right)\le\sqrt{a}\)hay \(\sqrt{a^2+abc}+\sqrt{abc}\le\sqrt{a}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\sqrt{b^2+abc}+\sqrt{abc}\le\sqrt{b}\);\(\sqrt{c^2+abc}+\sqrt{abc}\le\sqrt{c}\)
Mà \(abc\le\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3=\frac{1}{27}\Rightarrow\sqrt{abc}\le\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2\le3\left(a+b+c\right)=3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\le\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Có: \(9=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Rightarrow3\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Từ đây: \(D=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)
\(=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a+c}}.\sqrt{\frac{ab}{b+c}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Với ab + bc + ca = 1 thì:
\(Q=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=\)\(\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)
\(=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{2a}{a+b}.\frac{2a}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{2b}{a+b}.\frac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{2c}{a+c}.\frac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{2a}{a+b}+\frac{2a}{a+c}}{2}+\frac{\frac{2b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}{2}+\frac{\frac{2c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}{2}\)(Theo BĐT Cô - si)
\(=\frac{\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{2\left(a+c\right)}{a+c}}{2}=\frac{2+\frac{1}{2}+2}{2}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
\(Q=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\) chứ?
Câu này giải như sau :
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{2a+bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)a+bc}=\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2a+bc}\le\frac{a+b+a+c}{2}=\frac{2a+b+c}{2}\left(1\right)\)
tương tự ta có :\(\sqrt{2b+ac}\le\frac{2b+a+c}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\sqrt{2c+ac}\le\frac{2c+a+c}{2}\left(3\right)\)
cộng vế với vế 1,2,3 ta được
\(Q\le\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=\frac{3.2}{2}=3\)\(\Rightarrow Q_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow\)dấu "=" (a,b,c) là hoán vị của \(\left(0.1.1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt bu nhi a, ta có
\(P^2\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}+\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}+\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt cô si, ta có
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab;b^2+1\ge2b\Rightarrow a^2+2b^2+3\ge2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
tương tự với mấy cái kia =>\(P^2\le\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+a}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)\)
mà với abc =1, thì bạn sẽ chứng minh được \(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}=1\)
phân thức thứ 1 để nguyê, phân thức thứ 2 nhân với ab, phân thức thứ 3 nhân với b, rồi chỗ napf có abc thì thay abc=1
thì bạn sẽ chứng minh được cái kia=1
=>\(P\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\)
dâu = xảy ra <=>a=b=c=1
Dễ thấy theo AM - GM :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+2b^2+3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2ab+2b+2}}\)
\(\le\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2+2c^2+3}}\le\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\left(\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right);\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2+2a^2+3}}\le\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ca+a^2+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\)
Cộng lại ta sẽ có đpcm
Vì dễ thấy \(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}=1\) với abc=1
Có \(\sqrt{a^2+4ab+b^2}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{3}{2}a^2+3ab+\frac{3}{2}b^2\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}a^2-ab+\frac{1}{2}b^2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2}\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có : \(\sqrt{b^2+4bc+c^2}\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(b+c\right);\sqrt{c^2+4ca+a^2}\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(c+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(S\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(a+b\right)+\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(b+c\right)+\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(c+a\right)=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}.2\left(a+b+c\right)=6\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=2\)
theo cauchy schwars ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{a+b}.1\le a+b+1\\2\sqrt{c+b}.1\le c+b+1\\2\sqrt{a+c}.1\le a+c+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
cộng vế theo vế ta đc \(2\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)\le2\left(a+b+c\right)+3=5\)
\(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\le\dfrac{5}{2}\)
vậy \(P_{MAX}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi :
\(\sqrt{a+b}\le\dfrac{a+b+1}{2}\)
cmtt : \(\sqrt{b+c}\le\dfrac{b+c+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{c+a}\le\dfrac{c+a+1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{a+b+1+b+c+1+c+a+1}{2}=\dfrac{2+3}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c