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\(a)n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8.20}{100.98}=0,12mol\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.5,2}{100.208}=0,05mol\\ BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,12}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{2}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4.dư\\ BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,1
\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,05.233=11,65g\\ b)m_{dd}=58,8+200-11,65=247,15g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{247,15}\cdot100=1,48\%\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4,dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,12-0,05\right).98}{247,15}\cdot100=2,78\%\)
Bài 1
nBaCl2= 200 *2.6%= 5.2 (g) ; nBaCl2= 5.2/208=0.025(mol)
nH2SO4=49*10%=4.9(g) ; nH2SO4=4.9/98=0.05(mol)
PTHH
..........................H2SO4 + BaCl2 ➞ 2HCl + BaSO4
Trước phản ứng:0.05 : 0.025...................................(mol)
Trong phản ứng:0.025 : 0.025......... : 0.025 : 0.05(mol)
Sau phản ứng : 0.025 : 0 ......... : 0.025 : 0.05 (mol)
a) mBaSO4=0.025*233=5.825(g)
b) mdd sau phản ứng = 49+200-5.825=243.175(g)
C% (H2SO4) = (0.025* 98)/243.175*100%=1.007%
C% (HCl) = (0.05*36.5)/243.175*100%=0.007%
Bài 2:
nHCl= 73 *25%= 18.25 (g) ; nHCl= 18.25/36.5=0.5(mol)
nAgNO3=34*5%=1.7(g) ; nAgNO3=1.7/170=0.01(mol)
PTHH
..........................HCl + AgNO3 ➞ AgCl + 2HNO3
Trước phản ứng:0.5 : 0.01......................................(mol)
Trong phản ứng:0.01 : 0.01.............. : 0.01 : 0.01(mol)
Sau phản ứng : 0.49: 0 ............... : 0.01 : 0.01(mol)
a) mAgCl=0.01*143.5=1.435(g)
b) mdd sau phản ứng = 73+34-1.435=105.565(g)
C% (HNO3) = (0.01* 63)/105.565*100%=0.0059%
C% (HCl) = (0.49*36.5)/105.565*100%=16.94%
a, \(H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_{4\downarrow}+2HCl\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=114.20\%=22,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{22,8}{96}=0,2375\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{BaCl_2}=400.5,2\%=20,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2375}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2375-0,1=0,1375\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 114 + 400 - 23,3 = 490,7 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1375.98}{490,7}.100\%\approx2,75\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%\approx1,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT:\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(0,2\) \(1,2\) \(0,4\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{FeCl_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=65\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{218.30\%}{35,5+1}=\dfrac{654}{365}\left(mol\right)\)
Từ PT \(\Rightarrow\)\(n_{HClpư}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCldư}=\dfrac{654}{365}-1,2=\dfrac{216}{365}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCldư}=21,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=32+218=250\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{65}{250}.100\%=26\left(\%\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCldu}=\dfrac{21,6}{250}.100\%=8,64\%\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{48,75}{162,5}=0,3(mol)\\ 3NaOH+FeCl_3\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,3(mol);n_{NaOH}=n_{NaCl}=0,9(mol)\\ a,m_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,3.107=32,1(g)\\ b,m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9.40}{10\%}=360(g)\\ c,C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,9.58,5}{360+48,75-32,1}.100\%=13,98\%\\ \)
\(d,2Fe(OH)_3+3H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+6H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,45.98}{20\%}=220,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{220,5}{1,14}=193,42(ml)\)
\(n_{BaSO_4}=\dfrac{58.25}{233}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaCl_2+SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)
\(0.25........0.25.......................0.25........0.5\)
\(V_{SO_3}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0.25\cdot208}{20\%}=260\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=m_{SO_3}+m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}-m_{BaSO_4}=0.25\cdot80+260-58.25=221.75\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.5\cdot36.5}{221.75}\cdot100\%=8.2\%\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{100\%.40}=0,25(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.20\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,2(mol)\\ a,NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư
\(b,n_{NaOH(dư)}=0,25-0,2=0,05(mol);n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{dd sau p/ứ}}=0,2.58,5+0,05.40=13,7(g)\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\\ d,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=0,85\%\\ C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=4,96\% \end{cases}\)