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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow24x+65y=11,3\left(1\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,3\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2mol\\y=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot24}{11,3}\cdot100\%=42,48\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-42,48\%=57,52\%\)
b)\(n_{HCl}=2\left(n_{Mg}+n_{Zn}\right)=2\cdot\left(0,2+0,1\right)=0,6mol\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=0,09\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: 2nX = 2nH2 ⇒ nX = 0,09 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\overline{M}_X=\dfrac{2,64}{0,09}=29,33\left(g/mol\right)\)
Mà: A, B thuộc 2 chu kì liên tiếp.
→ Mg và Ca.
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24n_{Mg}+40n_{Ca}=2,64\\2n_{Mg}+2n_{Ca}=0,09.2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,06.24}{2,64}.100\%\approx54,55\%\\\%m_{Ca}\approx45,45\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, BTNT H, có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,09\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,09}{2}=0,045\left(l\right)\)
BTNT Mg: nMgSO4 = nMg = 0,06 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{MgSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,045}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)
a)
Gọi số mol Mg, Na2CO3 là a,b (mol)
=> 24a + 106.b = 13 (1)
\(n_{H_2}+n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{33,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
______a------>a------------>a------->a________(mol)
Na2CO3 + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
__b---------->b----------->b------>b______________(mol)
=> a + b = 0,2 (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,1.24}{13}100\%=18,46\%\\\%Na_2CO_3=100\%-18,46\%=81,54\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4->BaSO_4\downarrow+2H_2O\)
_________________k------------>k_______________(mol)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+MgSO_4->BaSO_4\downarrow+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
____________0,1---------->0,1---------->0,1_________(mol)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4->BaSO_4\downarrow+2NaOH\)
____________0,1-------->0,1____________________(mol)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
_0,1---------->0,1______________________________(mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaSO_4}=k+0,2\\n_{MgO}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(233.\left(k+0,2\right)+40.0,1=62,25\)
=> k = 0,05 (mol)
=> nH2SO4 = 0,1 + 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,25 (mol)
=> \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(l\right)=250ml\)
a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,28}{22,4}=0,325mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(mol\right)\) \(\rightarrow27x+65y=10,55\left(g\right)\) (1)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
x 1/2 x 3/2 x ( mol )
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
y y y ( mol )
\(\rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,325\left(mol\right)\) (2)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{10,55}.100\%=38,38\%\\\%m_{Zn}=100\%-38,38\%=61,62\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,15=0,075\\n_{ZnSO_4}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,8}=0,09M\\C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,8}=0,125M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ag}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Ag+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow Ag_2SO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)
a a \(\dfrac{a}{2}\) \(\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(2FeO+4H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2\uparrow+4H_2O\)
b 2b \(\dfrac{b}{2}\) \(\dfrac{b}{2}\)
Hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}108a+72b=11,52\\\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,08\left(mol\right)\\b=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ag}=0,08.108=8,64\left(g\right)\\m_{FeO}=0,04.72=2,88\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{8,64}{11,52}=75\%\\\%m_{FeO}=100\%-75\%=25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,08+0,4.2=0,16\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,16}{0,8}=0,2M\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=1,25.0,5=0,625\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(6NaOH+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\rightarrow2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\)
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,625}{6}>\dfrac{0,04}{2}\) => NaOH dư
Theo pthh:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(pư\right)}=6n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=6.0,04=0,24\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=3n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=3.0,04=0,12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{MddNaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,5}=0,48M\\C_{MddNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,5}=0,24M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=5,1\\1,5x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27.100\%}{5,1}=52,94\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-52,94=47,06\%\)
b)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,05
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,15\right).98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pứ = 5,1+250-0,15.2 = 254,8(g)
\(C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342.100\%}{254,8}=6,71\%\)
\(C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120.100\%}{254,8}=4,71\%\)
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
65x 0,35 mol
ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
81x
nH2=7,84\22,4=0,35 (mol)
Theo PT : nH2=nZn=0,35 (mol)
→ mZn=0,35 . 65 = 22,75 (g)
→%Zn = 22,75\25,95.100%≈87,7%\
→%ZnO = 100% - 87,7% = 12,3 %