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PTHH: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\cdot0,5=0,025\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,15\cdot0,1=0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,025}{1}>\dfrac{0,015}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Ba(OH)2 còn dư, dd sau p/ứ có tính kiềm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaCl_2}=0,0075\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(dư\right)}=0,0175\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,0075}{0,05+0,15}=0,0375\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,0175}{0,2}=0,0875\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{100\%.40}=0,25(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.20\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,2(mol)\\ a,NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư
\(b,n_{NaOH(dư)}=0,25-0,2=0,05(mol);n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{dd sau p/ứ}}=0,2.58,5+0,05.40=13,7(g)\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\\ d,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=0,85\%\\ C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=4,96\% \end{cases}\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe2O3 còn dư, tính theo axit
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot400=40\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot160\approx5,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{40}{16+200-5,3}\cdot100\%\approx18,98\%\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{5.200}{100}=10\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,25 0,25 0,25
a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,25.36,5=9,125\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{9,125.100}{3,65}=250\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaCl}=0,25.58,5=14,625\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=200+250=450\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{NaCl}=\dfrac{14,625.100}{450}=3,25\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Mol: 0,25 0,25 0,25
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5.100}{3,65}=250\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pứ = 200 + 250 = 450 (g)
\(C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,25.58,5.100\%}{450}=3,25\%\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot8}{100}=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4mol\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4
a)\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3}\cdot100=200\left(g\right)\)
b)\(m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,4\cdot18=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=200+200-7,2=392,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{23,4}{392,8}\cdot100=5,96\%\)
c) \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
Gọi nNa2CO3 = x (mol)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x \(\rightarrow\) 2x \(\rightarrow\) 2 x (mol)
C%(NaCl) = \(\frac{2.58,5x}{200+120}\) . 100% = 20%
=> x =0,547 (mol)
mNa2CO3 = 0,547 . 106 = 57,982 (g)
mHCl = 2 . 0,547 . 36,5 =39,931 (g)
C%(Na2CO3) =\(\frac{57,892}{200}\) . 100% = 28,946%
C%(HCl) = \(\frac{39,931}{120}\) . 100% = 33,28%
Bài 3 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)
2 3 1 3
0,1 0,15 0,05 0,15
a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2}=0,15.2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{200}=7,35\)0/0
c) \(n_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=2,7+200-0,3=302,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{17,1.100}{302,4}=5,65\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
Mình xin lỗi bạn nhé , bạn sửa lại giúp mình :
\(m_{ddspu}=2,7+200-0,3=202,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{17,1.100}{202,4}=8,45\)0/0
a/ 2NaOH + CuSO4 -----> Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
b/ \(m_{CuSO_4}=200.b\%\) \(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\frac{200.b\%}{160}=\frac{5.b\%}{4}\) (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=4\%.150=6\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\frac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo đề bài thì 2nNaOH = nCuSO4
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{4}.b\%=0,3\Rightarrow b\%=0,24\%\)
nHNO3=0,16 mol
nNaOH=0,25 mol
NaOH + HNO3 -> NaNO3 + H2O
bđ: 0,25__0,16
pứ: 0,16<--0,16--->0,16---->0,16
sau: 0,09__0_____0,16____0,16
NaOH dư => môi trường kiềm, quỳ chuyển xanh
b. sau pứ dd gồm NaOH 0,09 mol, NaNO3 0,16 mol
khối lượng tự tinh nha