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\(n_{HCl}=0,05.1,5=0,075\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,075}{6}>\dfrac{0,03}{3}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ a,n_{H_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{0,075}{2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\ H=\dfrac{0,03}{0,0375}.100\%=80\%\\ b,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,03=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{AlCl_3}=0,02.133,5=2,67\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2.7}{27}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)
\(0.1....0.075.....0.05\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.075\cdot22.4=1.68\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.05\cdot102=5.1\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\frac{13.5}{27}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O2}=\frac{9.6}{32}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2-->2Al_2O_3\)
Theo PTHH ta có \(\frac{n_{Al}}{n_{O2}}=\frac{4}{3}\)mà theo bài ra \(\frac{n_{Al}}{n_{O2}}=\frac{0.5}{0.4}\)
Suy ra : Al dư , O2 phản ứng hết
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\a, 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{ddAlCl_3}=V_{ddHCl}=0,3\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11}{56}\left(kmol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11}{168}\left(kmol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{11}{168}.232=\dfrac{319}{21}\left(kg\right)\) > mFe3O4 (TT) = 200 (kg)
→ vô lý
Bạn xem lại đề phần a nhé.
b, \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(kmol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(LT\right)}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,3\left(kmol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(LT\right)}=0,3.56=16,8\left(kg\right)\)
Mà: H = 85%
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{16,8}{85\%}=\dfrac{336}{17}\left(kg\right)\)
4Al+3O2-to>2Al2O3
0,4----0,3------0,2
n Al=\(\dfrac{10,8}{27}\)=0,4 mol
n O2=\(\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}\)=0,35 mol
=> oxi dư
=>m Al2O3=0,2.102=20,4g
=>m O2 dư=0,05.32=1,6g
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,2}{6}\), ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{15}.133,6=8,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{12,15}{27}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,45=\dfrac{27}{80}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(ban.đầu\right)}=\dfrac{27}{80}.\left(100\%+10\%\right)=\dfrac{297}{800}\left(mol\right)\\ Gọi:n_{KMnO_4}=a\left(mol\right);n_{KClO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ 2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}158a+122,5b=56,1\\0,8.0,5a+0,85.1,5b=\dfrac{297}{800}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,17087\\b=0,23757\end{matrix}\right.\\ \)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,45}{2}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=102.0,225=22,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{chất.còn.lại}=m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{KMnO_4\left(còn\right)}+m_{KClO_3\left(còn\right)}\\ \approx22,95+0,2.0,17087.158+0,15.0,23757.122,5\approx32,715\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, Cách 1:
Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
Cách 2:
Ta có: \(m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mAl + mHCl = mAlCl3 + mH2
⇒ mAlCl3 = mAl + mHCl - mH2 = 5,4 + 21,9 - 0,6 = 26,7 (g)
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