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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2<-----0,3<-----------0,1-------------0,3
Cu + 2H2SO4 ---> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,1<---------------------------------0,1
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11,8}.100\%=45,76\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-45,76\%=54,24\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{ddA}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{20\%}+5,4-0,3.2=151,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{151,8}.100\%=22,53\%\)
Al, Fe không tác dụng với H2SO4 đặc nguội
Rắn không tan ở TN2 là Cu
mCu = 6,4 (g)
=> \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cu + 2H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,1-------------------------->0,1
=> V = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
a) Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 65b = 11,9 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a----------------->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b------>b------------------>b
=> 1,5a + b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11,9}.100\%=45,378\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{11,9}.100\%=54,622\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nH2SO4 = 1,5a + b = 0,4 (mol)
=> mH2SO4 = 0,4.98 = 39,2 (g)
=> \(C\%_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{150}.100\%=26,133\%\)
a/nH2= 0,1(mol)
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
0,1_________________0,1(mol)
=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)
=> %mFe= (5,6/12).100\(\approx\) 46,667%
=> %mCu \(\approx\) 100% - 46,667% \(\approx\) 53,333%
b) mCu= 12-5,6=6,4(g) -> nCu= 0,1(mol)
Cu + 2 H2SO4(đ) -to-> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O
0,1___0,2__________________0,1(mol)
V=V(SO2,đktc)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
mH2SO4(p.ứ)=0,2.98=19,6(g)
=> mH2SO4(bđ)= 19,6 x 100/90 \(\approx21,778\left(g\right)\)
=> mddH2SO4 \(\approx\) (21,778 x 100)/98\(\approx22,222\left(g\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CuO}=35.2-0.2\cdot56=24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{11.2}{35.2}\cdot100\%=31.82\%\)
\(\%CuO=100-31.82=68.18\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.2+0.3=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.5\cdot98=49\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%H_2SO_4=\dfrac{49}{800}\cdot100\%=6.125\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.2\cdot152=30.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CuSO_4}=0.3\cdot160=48\left(g\right)\)