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a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65.100\%}{21,1}=61,61\%;\%m_{ZnO}=100-61,61=38,39\%\)
b,\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-13}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5.100\%}{7,3\%}=300\left(g\right)\)
c,
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,2
PTHH: ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,1
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2+0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=600.1,12=672\left(g\right)\)
*Sửa đề: "13,44 lít H2" và "24,9 gam hh 2 kim loại"
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a_____3a_____________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a (mol)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b_____________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+65b=24,9\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=1,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2\cdot27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Zn}=19,5\left(g\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=600\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0.,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{10}.100\%=97,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-97,5\%=2,5\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14\%}=78,21(g)\)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: m dd tăng = mKL - mH2
⇒ mH2 = 16,6 - 15,6 = 1 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 16,6 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=0,5\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ nAl = nFe = 0,2 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{40\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 91,25 + 15,6 = 106,85 (g)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{106,85}.100\%\approx24,98\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{106,85}.100\%\approx23,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{16,6-15,6}{2}=0,5mol\\ n_{HCl}=1mol\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ 27a+56b=16,6\\ 3a+2b=1\\ a=b=0,2\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2g\\ m_{ddsau}=15,6+\dfrac{36,5}{0,4}=106,85g\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{133,5.0,2}{106,85}.100\%=24,99\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,2}{106,85}.100\%=23,77\%\)
m dd sau pư = mFe + m dd HCl - mH2 thôi em nhé, Cu không phản ứng nên không cộng thêm vào.
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)
b) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=2n_{HCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%}.100\%=100\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{ddspu}=10+100-0,1.2=109,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{109,8}.100\%=11,57\%\)
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{HCl} = 0,45.2 = 0,9(mol)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
b)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
$m_{muối} = 21,3 + 0,9.36,5 - 0,45.2 = 53,25(gam)$
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 24x + 56y = 8 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 95x + 127y = 22,2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{8}.100\%=30\%\\\%m_{Fe}=70\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,2
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=19,4-13=6,4\left(g\right)\)
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