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a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,25}.100\%\approx51,43\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx48,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5,25-0,1.27}{102}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,45.36,5}{29,2\%}=56,25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,225.98}{19,6\%}=112,5\left(g\right)\)
a/ PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 ===> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2 0,3 0,3
MgO + H2SO4 ===> MgSO4 + H2O
0,1 0,1
nH2 = 6,72 / 22,4 = 0,3 mol
=> nAl = 0,2 mol
=> mAl = 0,2 x 27 = 5,4 gam
=> mMgO = 9,4 - 5,4 = 4 gam
=> %mAl = \(\frac{5,4}{9,4}.100\%=57,45\%\)
%mMgO = 100% - 57,45% = 42,55%
b/ nMgO = 4 / 40 = 0,1 mol
Lập các số mol theo phương trình, ta có:
\(\sum nH2SO4\) = 0,1 + 0,3 = 0,4 mol
=> mH2SO4 = 0,4 x 96 = 38,4 gam
=> mdung dịch H2SO4 19,6% = 38,4 : 19,6% = 195,92 gam
a) Đặt: nMg=x(mol); nZnO=y(mol)
nH2SO4= 0,2(mol)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
x___________x____x_______x(mol)
ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O
y____y______y(mol)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+81y=12,9\\22,4x=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)
%mMg=(4,8/12,9).100=37,209%
=>%mZnO=62,791%
b) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol)
=> \(C\%ddH2SO4=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100=24,5\%\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
a_______a________a______a (mol)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b_______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b_________\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b (mol)
a) Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=8,25\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm
*Bạn xem lại đề !!!
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
a. PTHH:
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Cu + H2SO4 ---x--->
b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)
c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)
d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
_____0,3<---0,3<------------------0,3
=> mFe = 0,3.56 = 16,8(g)
=> mrắn còn lại = mCu = 29,6-16,8 = 12,8 (g)
b) \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
a) Đặt: nZn=x(mol); nFe= y(mol) (x,y: nguyên, dương)
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
x_______x_______x________x
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
y____y_________y___y(mol)
b) m(rắn)=mCu=3(g)
=> m(Zn, Fe)= 21,6 - 3= 18,6(g)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\22,4x+22,4y=6,72\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> Zn= 65.0,2=13(g)
=>%mZn= (13/21,6).100=60,185%
%mCu=(3/21,6).100=13,889%
=>%mFe=25,926%
c) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol) =>mH2SO4=29,4(g)
=> mddH2SO4= (29,4.100)/25=117,6(g)
theo bài ta có:nH2=6,72/22,4=0,3(mol)
pthh; 2Al+3H2SO4------>Al2(SO4)3+3H2 (1)
2Al2O3+3H2SO4-------->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O (2)
ta có:nAl=0,3(mol)
=>mAl=0,3*27=8,1(g)
=>mAl2O3=15,6-8,1=7,5(g)
=>nAl2O3=7,5/102=5/68(mol)
=>nH2SO4=1,5*0,3+1,5*5/68=0,56(mol)
=>V(H2SO4)=0,56/1,5=0,37(l)
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