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nHCl=(200.14,6%)/100=0,8(mol)
nBa(OH)2=(17,1%.200)/100=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Ba(OH)2 +2 HCl -> BaCl2 + 2 H2O
Ta có: 0,8/2 > 0,2/1
=> HCl dư, Ba(OH)2 hết=> Tính theo nHCl
=> nBaCl2=nBa(OH)2=0,2(mol) => mBaCl2= 208.0,2= 41,6(g)
nHCl(dư)=0,8 - 0,2.2=0,4(mol) => mHCl(dư)=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)
mddsau= 200+200=400(g)
C%ddBaCl2=(41,6/400).100=10,4%
C%ddHCl(dư)= (14,6/400).100=3,65%
Chúc em học tốt!
sai r bạn ơi tại sao nHCl=(200.14,6%)/100=0,8(mol) phải là 29.2 chứ
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{5.72}{286}\cdot106=2.12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3\left(10\%\right)}=200\cdot10\%=20\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=5.72+200=205.72\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2.12+20}{205.72}\cdot100\%=10.75\%\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3.10H_2O}=\dfrac{5,72}{286}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,02.106=2,12\left(g\right)\\ m_{Na_2CO_3\text{ trong dd 10%}}=\dfrac{200.10}{100}=20\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd\text{ mới}}=5,72+200=205,72\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{dd\text{ mới}}=\dfrac{20+2,12}{205,72}.100\%=10,75\%\)
Ta co
mdd=mct + mdm=14,3 + 35,7 = 50 g
Nong do % cua dd la
C% =\(\dfrac{mct}{mdd}.100\%=\dfrac{14,3}{50}.100\%=28,6\%\)
mdd= mdm + mct = 14,3+35,7= 50(g)
C%= mct÷mdd×100% = 14,3÷50×100%=28,6%
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1\cdot127=12,7\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al} = a\ ; n_{Fe} =b\\ \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 11(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1\\ n_{HCl\ dư} = \dfrac{200.21,9\%}{36,5} - 0,2.3 - 0,1.2 = 0,4(mol)\\ m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 11 + 200 - 0,4.2 = 210,2(gam)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{210,2}.100\% = 6,95\%\\ \)
\(C\%_{AlCl_3} = \dfrac{0,2.133,5}{210,2}.100\% = 12,7\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,1.127}{210,2}.100\% = 6,04\%\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot29,4\%}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư, Nhôm p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72 \left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(saup/ứ\right)}=m_{Al}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=204,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{204,8}\cdot100\%\approx16,7\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{29,4}{204,8}\cdot100\%\approx14,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) PTHH: \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,2\cdot95=19\left(g\right)\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{200}\cdot100\%=7,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{MgO}+m_{ddHCl}=208\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{208}\cdot100\%\approx9,13\%\)
c) PTHH: \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot4\%}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH p/ứ hết, MgCl2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,2\cdot58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=9,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{ddA}+m_{ddNaOH}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=402,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{402,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,91\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,5}{402,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{MgO}=0,2(mol)$
a, $MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O$
b, Ta có: $n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\Rightarrow x=7,3$
Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{ddA}=208(g)$
$\Rightarrow \%C_{MgCl_2}=9,13\%$
c, Ta có: $n_{NaOH}=0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Mg(OH)_2}=0,1(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{ddB}=208+200-0,1.58=402,2(g)$
$\Rightarrow \%C_{MgCl_2}=2,36\%$
Sửa đề cho dễ làm: "200g dd HCl 3,65%"
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2CO_3.10H_2O}=\dfrac{14,3}{106+10\cdot18}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Na2CO3 p/ứ hết, HCl còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,1\cdot58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\cdot36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{CO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0,05\cdot44=2,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{Na_2CO_3.10H_2O}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{CO_2}=212,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{212,1}\cdot100\%\approx2,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{212,1}\cdot100\%\approx1,72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)