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a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=25,55\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,35.65=22,75g\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{25,55}.100=10,95\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-10,95\%=89,05\%\)
b.\(n_{HCl}=2.0,05+2.0,35=0,8mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4l\)
2al+6hcl-> 2alcl3+ 3h2
fe+2hcl-> fecl2+h2
nh2=13,44/22,4=0,6 mol
27a+56b=16,5
1,5a+ b=0,6
a=0,3, b=0,15
%mal=0,3*27/16,5*100=49,09%
%mfe=50,9%
nhcl=3a+2b=1,2
Vdd hcl=1,2/2=0,6l
a)
Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 27b = 26,25 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{30,8}{22,4}=1,375\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a-->2a--------->a------>a
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b------->b------>1,5b
=> a + 1,5b = 1,375 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,25 (mol); b = 0,75 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{26,25}.100\%=22,857\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,75.27}{26,25}.100\%=77,143\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
nHCl = 2a + 3b = 2,75 (mol)
=> mHCl = 2,75.36,5 = 100,375 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{100,375.100}{10}=1003,75\left(g\right)\)
c)
mdd sau pư = 1003,75 + 26,25 - 1,375.2 = 1027,25 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.95}{1027,25}.100\%=2,312\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,75.133,5}{1027,25}.100\%=9,747\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 56x + 65y = 12,1 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Các quá trình:
\(Fe^0\rightarrow Fe^{+2}+2e\)
x___________ 2x (mol)
\(Zn^0\rightarrow Zn^{+2}+2e\)
y____________ 2y (mol)
\(2H^++2e\rightarrow H_2^0\)
______0,4___0,2 (mol)
Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 2x + 2y = 0,4 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{12,1}.100\%\approx46,3\%\\\%m_{Zn}\approx53,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, BTNT Fe và Zn, có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m muối = mFeCl2 + mZnCl2 = 0,1.127 + 0,1.136 = 26,3 (g)
c, BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => 65a + 56b + 27c = 10,65 (1)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
=> \(n_{H_2}=a+b+1,5c=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\) (2)
PTHH: Zn + Cl2 --to--> ZnCl2
2Fe + 3Cl2 --to--> 2FeCl3
2Al + 3Cl2 --to--> 2AlCl3
=> \(n_{Cl_2}=a+1,5b+1,5c=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) (3)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,05\left(mol\right)\\c=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{10,65}.100\%=61,033\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{10,65}.100\%=26,291\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{10,65}.100\%=12,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nHCl = 2a + 2b + 3c = 0,45 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0,45.36,5 = 16,425 (g)
=> \(a\%=C\%=\dfrac{16,425}{200}.100\%=8,2125\%\)
c) mdd sau pư = 10,65 + 200 - 0,225.2 = 210,2 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{210,2}.100\%=6,47\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{210,2}.100\%=3,02\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,05.133,5}{210,2}.100\%=3,176\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1 :
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)
2 6 2 3
a 0,15 1,5a
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
b 0,3 1b
a) Gọi a là số mol của Al
b là số mol của Zn
\(m_{Al}+m_{Zn}=11,1\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Al}.M_{Al}+n_{Zn}.M_{Zn}=11,1g\)
⇒ 27a + 65b = 11,1g(1)
Theo phương trình : 1,5a + 1b = 0,225(2)
Từ(1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
27a + 65b = 11,1g
1,5a + 1b = 0,225
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Al}=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75\left(g\right)\)
0/0Al = \(\dfrac{1,35.100}{11,1}=12,16\)0/0
0/0Zn = \(\dfrac{9,75.100}{11,1}=87,84\)0/0
b) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,15+0,3=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,45}{1}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Câu 2 :
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,456}{22,4}=0,065\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
a 0,1 1a
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)
2 6 2 3
b 0,03 1,5b
a) Gọi a là số mol của Fe
b là số mol của Al
\(m_{Fe}+m_{Al}=3,07\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}+n_{Al}.M_{Al}=3,07g\)
⇒ 56a + 27b = 3,07g(1)
Theo phương trình : 1a + 1,5b = 0,065(2)
Từ(1),(2),ta có hệ phương trình :
56a + 27b = 3,07g
1a + 1,5b = 0,065
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,01.27=0,27\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{2,8.100}{3,07}=91,21\)0/0
0/0Al = \(\dfrac{0,27.100}{3,07}=8,79\)0/0
b) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,03=0,13\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,13.36,5=4,745\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{4,745.100}{10}=47.45\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Gọi số mol Mg, Fe, Al là a, b, c
=> 24a + 56b + 27c = 23,8
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a------------------------->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b------------------------->b
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
c------------------------->1,5c
=> a + b + 1,5c = \(\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + Cl2 --to--> MgCl2
a-->a
2Fe + 3Cl2 --to--> 2FeCl3
b--->1,5b
2Al + 3Cl2 --to--> 2AlCl3
c--->1,5c
=> \(a+1,5b+1,5c=\dfrac{20,16}{22,4}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
=> a = 0,3; b = 0,2; c = 0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,3.24=7,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=11(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,4(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,2(mol);y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100\%=49,09\%\\ \%_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\% \end{cases}\\ b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=3x+2y=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4(l)\)