Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a_______a_______a_____a (mol)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
2b______3b__________b_____3b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27\cdot2b=11\\a+3b=0,2\cdot2=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%\approx50,91\%\\\%m_{Al}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) nH2SO4=0,4(mol)
Đặt: nFe=x(mol); nAl=y(mol) (x,y>0)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
x________x______x______x(mol)
2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
y____1,5y_______0,5y_______1,5y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)
=>%mFe=(5,6/11).100=50,909%
=>%mAl= 49,091%
b) V(H2,đktc)=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)
c) nAl2(SO4)3= 0,5y=0,5.0,2=0,1(mol)
nFeSO4=x=0,1(mol)
Vddsau=VddH2SO4=0,2(l)
=>CMddAl2(SO4)3= 0,1/0,2=0,5(M)
CMddFeSO4=0,1/0,2=0,5(M)
a)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} =b (mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 27b = 11(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\% = 50,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 50,9\% = 49,1\%$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,4} = 2M$
c)
$C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
$C_{M_{AlCl_3}} =\dfrac{0,2}{0,4} = 0,5M$
\(n_{Cu} = a ; n_{Al} = b ; n_{Fe} = c(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 64a + 27b + 56c = 28,6(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5b + c = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ \text{Mặt khác} : n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Cu + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CuO\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 4Fe + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3\\ \)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{n_X}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{0,5a +0,75b + 0,75c} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,4}(3)\\ (1)(2)(3)\Rightarrow a = \dfrac{317}{1460} ; b = \dfrac{121}{365}; c = \dfrac{15}{146}\\ \%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{\dfrac{317}{1460}.64}{28,6}.100\% = 48,59\%\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{\dfrac{121}{365}.27}{28,6}.100\% = 31,3\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 41,59\% - 31,3\% = 27,11\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Al
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100=50,91\%\)
=> %m Al = 100 - 50,91 =49,09 %
b)Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
c) \(CM_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(CM_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,2}{2}}{0,2}=0,5M\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,16}{22,4}=0,275\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(x,y\) lần lược là số mol của Al và Fe
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(x\) \(1,5x\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(y\) \(y\)
Ta có: \(1,5x+y=0,275\) (1)
Theo đề khối lượng của hỗn hợp Al và Fe ta có:
\(27x+56y=12,55\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5x+y=0,275\\27x+56y=12,55\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải hệ phương trình ta tìm được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot27\cdot100\%}{12,55}=10,7\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot56\cdot100\%}{12,55}=89,3\%\)
b) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,05 0,15
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,4+0,15=0,55\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,55}{0,5}=1,1M\)
VH2O=96/1=96 ml=0.096l
nSO3=4/80=0.05 mol
PTHH: SO3+H2O ==>H2SO4
Theo pthh nSO3=nH2SO4=0.05 mol
=> CMddA= 0.05/0.096= (xấp xỉ)0.5M
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{12}\cdot100\%\approx46,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\\%m_{Cu}=53,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Cu không phản ứng
\(nH_2=nFe=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow mFe=0,1.56=5,6gam\)
\(\rightarrow\%mFe=\dfrac{5,6}{12}.100\%=46,\left(6\right)\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%mCu=100\%-46,\left(6\right)\%=53,\left(3\right)\%\)
c)
\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{0,2}=1M\)
Đặt nAl=a(mol); nFe=b(mol) (a,b>0)
Ta có: nH2=8,96/22,4=0,4(mol)
PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2
a_________3a____a____1,5a(mol)
Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
b__2b____b____b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=16,7\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mAl= 0,1.27=2,7(g) =>%mAl= (2,7/16,7).100=16,17%
=> CHỌN B
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2 (1)
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (2)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Al
Ta có: \(56x+27y=11\) (*)
Theo PT1: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt2: \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=1,5y\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(x+1,5y=0,4\) (**)
Từ (*)(**) ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt1: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt2: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}\times0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1+0,3=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\frac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)