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Bài 1:
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,12}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\), ta được Fe2O3 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
a) PT: Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2 (1)
- Số mol Fe là:
nFe=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{11,2}{56}\)=0,2(mol)
- Theo PT (1)⇒nFeCl2=nFe=0,2(mol)
- Vậy khối lượng của FeCl2 là:
mFeCl2=n.M=0,2.127=25,4(g)
b) Theo PT (1)⇒nH2=nFe=0,2(mol)
- Vậy thể tích của H2 là:
VH2=n.24,79=0,2.24,79=4,958(l)
`#3107.101107`
`a)`
\(\text{Fe + 2HCl}\rightarrow\text{FeCl}_2+\text{H}_2\)
n của Fe có trong phản ứng là:
\(\text{n}_{\text{Fe}}=\dfrac{\text{m}_{\text{Fe}}}{\text{M}_{\text{Fe}}}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\text{n}_{\text{Fe}}=\text{n}_{\text{ }\text{FeCl}_2}=0,2\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
m của FeCl2 có trong phản ứng là:
\(\text{m}_{\text{FeCl}_2}=\text{n}_{\text{FeCl}_2}\cdot\text{M}_{\text{FeCl}_2}=0,2\cdot\left(56+35,5\cdot2\right)=25,4\left(\text{g}\right)\)
`b)`
Theo PT: \(\text{n}_{\text{Fe}}=\text{n}_{\text{H}_2}=0,2\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
V của khí H2 ở đkc là:
\(\text{V}_{\text{H}_2}=\text{n}_{\text{H}_2}\cdot24,79=0,2\cdot24,79=4,958\left(\text{l}\right)\)`.`
nFe=0,2(mol)
mHCl=29,2(g) => nHCl=0,8(mol)
PTHH: Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
Ta có: 0,2/1 < 0,8/2
=> HCl dư, Fe hết, tính theo nFe
=> nFeCl2=nH2=nFe=0,2(mol) =>mFeCl2= 25,4(g)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
nHCl(p.ứ)=2.0,2=0,4(mol) => nHCl(dư)=0,4(mol)
=>mHCl(dư)=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)
mddsau= mddHCl + mFe- mH2=11,2+400-0,2.2=410,8(g)
=>C%ddHCl(dư)=(14,6/410,8).100=3,554%
C%ddFeCl2= (25,4/410,8).100=6,183%
\(a) Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 +H_2\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ c) m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 5,6 + 224,6 - 0,1.2 = 230(gam)\\ n_{FeSO_4} = n_{Fe} = 0,1(mol)\\ C\%_{FeSO_4} = \dfrac{0,1.152}{230}.100\% = 6,61\%\\ d) ZnO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Zn + H_2O\\ n_{ZnO} = \dfrac{32,4}{81} = 0,4 > n_{H_2} = 0,1 \to ZnO\ dư\\ n_{ZnO\ pư} = n_{H_2} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{ZnO\ dư} = 32,4 - 0,1.81 = 24,3(gam)\)
\(a) n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol) ; n_{HCl} = \dfrac{73}{36,5} = 2(mol)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ n_{HCl} = 2 > 3n_{Al} = 0,4.3 = 1,2 \to HCl\ dư\\ n_{HCl\ pư} = 3n_{Al} = 1,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl\ dư} = (2 - 1,2).36,5 = 29,2(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)\Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)\\ c) H_2 + O_{oxit} \to H_2O\\ n_O = n_{H_2} = 0,6(mol)\\ m_{oxit\ sắt} = m_{Fe} + m_O \Rightarrow n_{Fe}= \dfrac{34,8-0,6.16}{56} = 0,45(mol)\\ \)
\(\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{n_O} = \dfrac{0,45}{0,6} = \dfrac{3}{4}\\ Oxit : Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2mol\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2mol\\ m=m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).98=29,4g\\ b.V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l\)
Câu 1
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3mol\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1mol\\ 3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}Fe_3O_4\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,3}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\Rightarrow Fe.dư\\ 3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}Fe_3O_4\)
0,15 0,1 0,05
\(m_{Fe.dư}=16,8-0,15.56=8,4g\\ b.m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,05.232=11,6g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{56}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_{4\left(loãng\right)}\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\\ Mol:0,12\rightarrow0,12\rightarrow0,12\rightarrow0,12\\ V_{H_2}=0,12.22,4=2,688\left(l\right)\\ m_{FeSO_4}=0,12.152=18,24\left(g\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Mol:0,04\leftarrow0,12\rightarrow0,08\\ m_{Fe}=0,08.56=4,48\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12}{160}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\a, Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\\ b,n_{H_2}=3.0,075=0,225\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=24,79.0,225=5,57775\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Fe}=2.0,075=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.20\%}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\), ta được Fe dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)