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Rượu etylic \(C_2H_5OH\)
Axit axetic \(CH_3COOH\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot60}{39,6}\cdot100\%=30,3\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_5OH}=100\%-30,3\%=69,7\%\)
a)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,2<----------0,1<-------------0,2<-------0,1
=> \(m_{CH_3COOH}=0,2.60=12\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{12}{39,6}.100\%=30,3\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{39,6-12}{39,6}.100\%=69,7\%\)
b) dd sau pư chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CH_3COONa:0,2\left(mol\right)\\C_2H_5OH:\dfrac{39,6-12}{46}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(l\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(CH_3COONa\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,05}=4M\\C_{M\left(C_2H_5OH\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,05}=12M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = \(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: nH2 = nFe = 0,15 (mol) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=11-8,4=2,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{11}.100\%\approx76,4\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100-76,4\approx23,6\%\)
b/ Theo PTHH ta có: nHCl = 2nFe = 2.0,15 = 0,3 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
c/ mHCl = 36,5 . 0,3 = 10,95(g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11}.100\%\approx76,36\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx23,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)
Bài 14 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,15}=1\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
ở đoạn c bạn có ghi nhầm ko à , tại mình cứ thấy nó sai sai
\(n_{HCl}=0,65.2=1,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (1)
0,1<----0,3<------0,1<-----0,15
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\) (2)
x--------->6x-------->2x
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (3)
y--------->2y-------->y
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PTHH (1), (2), (3) có:
\(n_{HCl\left(2\right)}+n_{HCl\left(3\right)}=n_{HCl.ban.đầu}-n_{HCl\left(1\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow6x+2y=1,3-0,3=1\left(mol\right)\left(I\right)\)
Theo PTHH (1) có: \(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{MgO}=102x+40y=20,9-2,7=18,2\left(g\right)\left(II\right)\)
Từ (I),(II) có hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+2y=1\\102x+40y=18,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Trong hỗn hợp ban đầu:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=102x=102.0,1=10,2\left(g\right)\\m_{MgO}=40y=40.0,2=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b
\(CM_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1+2x}{0,65}=\dfrac{0,1+2.0,1}{0,65}=\dfrac{6}{13}\approx0,46M\)
\(CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{y}{0,65}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,65}=\dfrac{4}{13}\approx0,31M\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu
Xét tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\) => CuSO4 hết, Fe dư
PTHH: Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu
_____0,1<---0,1---------->0,1
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,05------------------->0,05
=> VH2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12(l)
b) \(C_{M\left(FeSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
nAl = 10,8/27 = 0,4 mol
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Theo PTHH nH2 = 3/2nAl = 3/2 . 0,4 = 0,6 mol
=> VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 lít
b:Theo PTHH nHCl = 3nAl = 0,4.3 = 1,2 mol
Vdd = n.CM = 1,2.2 = 2,4 lít
Theo PTHH nAlCl3 = nAl = 0,4 mol
CM của AlCl3 = 0,4/2,4 = 0,17 M