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a+b+c=0⇔a3+b3+c3=3abca+b+c=0⇔a3+b3+c3=3abc (cái này tự chứng minh nhá, dễ)
⇒3abc(a2+b2+c2)=(a3+b3+c3)(a2+b2+c2)=a5+b5+c5+a3(b2+c2)+b3(c2+a2)+c3(a2+b2)⇒3abc(a2+b2+c2)=(a3+b3+c3)(a2+b2+c2)=a5+b5+c5+a3(b2+c2)+b3(c2+a2)+c3(a2+b2)
Lại có b+c=−a⇔b2+c2=(b+c)2−2bc=a2−2bcb+c=−a⇔b2+c2=(b+c)2−2bc=a2−2bc
Tương tự c2+a2=b2−2ac,a2+b2=c2−2abc2+a2=b2−2ac,a2+b2=c2−2ab
Nên 3abc(a2+b2+c2)=a5+b5+c5+a3(a2−2bc)+b3(b2−2ac)+c3(c2−2ab)=2(a5+b5+c5)−2abc(a2+b2+c2)
Ta có
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)=a^5+a^2b^3+a^2c^3+a^3b^2+b^5+b^2c^3+a^3c^2+b^3c^2+c^5\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)-b^2c^2\left(b+c\right)-a^2c^2\left(a+c\right)\)
Do a+b+c=0
=> a+b=-c; b+c=-a; a+c=-b
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+a^2b^2c+ab^2c^2+a^2bc^2=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3\right]+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).\left[\left(-c^3\right)-3ab.\left(-c\right)+c^3\right]+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).3abc+abc\left(ab+bc+ab\right)=\)
\(=abc.\left[3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\right]=\)
\(=abc\left[\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac}{2}\right]=\)
\(=abc.\left[\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}\right]=\)
\(=abc.\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^5+b^5+c^5}{5}=abc.\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
1) ta có: A= x^3 -8y^3=> A=(x-2y)(x^2 +2xy+4y^2)=>A=5.(29+2xy) (vì x-2y=5 và x^2+4y^2=29) (1)
Mặt khác : x-2y=5(gt)=> (x-2y)^2=25=> x^2-4xy+4y^2=25=>29-4xy=25(vì x^2+4y^2=29)
=> xy=1 (2)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta đc: A= 5.(29+2.1)=155
Vậy gt của bt A là 155
2) theo bài ra ta có: a+b+c=0 => a+b=-c=>(a+b)^2=c^2=> a^2 +b^2+2ab=c^2=>c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab
=> \(\left(c^2-a^2-b^2\right)^2=4a^2b^2\)
=>\(c^4+a^4+b^4-2c^2a^2+2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2=4a^2b^2\)
=>\(a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2\)
=>\(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
=> \(a^4+b^4+c^4=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\) (đpcm)
1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)
\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)
Vì \(0\le a,b,c\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(a+b+c\right)-abc+8\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le4+abc\le4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le5\left(đpcm\right)\)