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Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{74,37}{24,79}=3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=2.27=54\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=3.98=294\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,874}{24,79}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,874}{24,79}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,4 1,2 0, 4 0,6
\(m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(R+H_2SO_4\rightarrow RSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mH2SO4 = m muối + mH2
⇒ m muối = 7,8 + 0,4.98 - 0,4.2 = 46,2 (g)
c, Gọi: nR = x (mol) → nAl = 2x (mol)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_R+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}.2x=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow x=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nR = 0,1 (mol)
nAl = 0,1.2 = 0,2 (mol)
⇒ 0,1.MR + 0,2.27 = 7,8 ⇒ MR = 24 (g/mol)
Vậy: R là Mg.
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lg:
m H2SO4=34,2+0,6-5,4
=29,4g
nAl = 5,4 : 27 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh : 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2->0,3 (mol)
=> mH2SO4 = 0,3 .98 = 29,4 (g)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\cdot342=17,1\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
______0,1--->0,15-------->0,05------->0,15
=> mH2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7 (g)
b) VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
c) mAl2(SO4)3 = 0,05.342 = 17,1 (g)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
b, Số mol \(H_2SO_4\) là: \(n_1=V.C_M=0,5.0,5=0,25\) (mol)
Số mol \(Na_2SO_4\) là \(n_2=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\) (mol)
Do \(n_2< n_1\) nên \(H_2SO_4\) còn dư
Suy ra số mol \(Na_2O\) tham gia phản ứng là: \(n=n_2=0,2\) (mol)
Khối lượng là: \(m_{Na_2O}=0,2.62=12,4g\)
`n_(H_2)=V/(22,4)=(3,36)/(22,4)=0,15(mol)`
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
tỉ lệ 2 ; 3 ; 1 ; 3
n(mol) 0,1<-------------------------------------0,15
`m_(Al)=n*M=0,1*27=2,7(g)`
`=>B`
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1<-----------------------------------0,15
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
Vậy chọn B.