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a) SO2 + Na2O -> Na2SO3
Na2SO3 + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
Na2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 \(\downarrow\)+ 2NaOH
2NaOH + CO2 -> Na2CO3 + H2O
b) CaO + CO2 -> CaCO3
CaCO3 \(\rightarrow^{t^o}\) CaO + CO2
CaO + H2O -> Ca ( OH)2
Ca ( OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
CaCO3 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O
c) 2Fe + 3Cl2 \(\rightarrow^{t^o}\) 2FeCl3
FeCl3 + 3NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 \(\downarrow\) + 3NaCl
2Fe(OH)3 \(\rightarrow^{t^o}\) Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Fe2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 -> 2FeCl3 + 3BaSO4\(\downarrow\)
d) Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 -> 2AgCl\(\downarrow\) + Fe(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)2 + 2NaOH -> Fe(OH)2\(\downarrow\) + 2NaNO3
Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + 2H2O
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Na_2SO_4\\NaCl\\Ba\left(OH\right)_2\\BaCl_2\end{matrix}\right.\underrightarrow{+qtim}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Xanh:Ba\left(OH\right)_2\\\varnothing:Na_2SO_4,NaCl,BaCl_2\underrightarrow{+Ba\left(OH\right)_2}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\downarrow:Na_2SO_4\\\varnothing:BaCl_2,NaCl\underrightarrow{+Na_2SO_4}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\downarrow:BaCl_2\\\varnothing:NaCl\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Na_2CO_3\\CaCl_2\\HCl\\Na_2SO_4\end{matrix}\right.\underrightarrow{+qtim}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\varnothing:Na_2SO_3,Na_2SO_4,CaCl_2\underrightarrow{+HCl}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\uparrow:Na_2SO_3\\\varnothing:Na_2SO_4,CaCl_2\underrightarrow{+Na_2SO_3}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\downarrow:CaCl_2\\\varnothing:Na_2SO_4\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\\Red:HCl\end{matrix}\right.\)
1
Na2O +2 HCl-> 2NaCl + H2O
CaO + CO2-> CaCO3
SO3 + H2O-> H2SO4
SO2 + H2O-> H2SO3
PTHH 5 và 6 không xảy ra
2.
(1)K2O+H2O→2KOH
(2)2KOH + CuCl2→Cu(OH)2 +2 KCl
(3) Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4→CuSO4 +2 H2O
(4) CuSO4 + BaCl2→CuCl2 + BaSO4
(5)CuCl2 + 2AgNO3→Cu(NO3)2 + 2AgCl
1.
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow2KCl+3O_2\)
\(4K+O_2\rightarrow2K_2O\)
\(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\)
\(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2OSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(K_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow2KCl+BaSO_4\)
\(2KCl+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+Cl_2+H_2\)
2.
\(Cu+H_2SO_{4_{dac}}\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)
\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow CuCl_2+BaSO_4\)
\(CuCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\)
\(Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaNO_3+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
3.
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
\(Al_2O_2+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Al_2O_3+H_2O\)
\(2Al_2O_3\rightarrow4Al+3O_2\)
\(2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
4.
\(C+O_2\rightarrow CO_2\)
\(CO_2+C\rightarrow2CO\)
\(2CO+O_2\rightarrow2CO_2\)
\(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_2\)
\(NaHCO_3+NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
\(Na_2CO_3+CaCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+CaCO_3\)
\(CaCO_3\rightarrow CaO+CO_2\)
5.
\(Cl_2+H_2\rightarrow2HCl\)
\(4HCl+MnO_2\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)
\(Cl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)
\(2NaC+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+Cl_2+H_2\)
\(Cl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)
Viết PTHH biễu diễn chỗi biến hóa:
1) 2KClO3 -->2KCl+3O2
O2+4K-->2K2O
K2O+H2O-->2KOH
2KOH+H2SO4-->K2SO4+2H2O
K2SO4+BaCl2-->2KCl+BaSO4
2KCl-->Cl2+2K
2) Cu+FeSO4-->CuSO4+Fe
CuSO4+BaCl2-->CuCl2+BaSO4
CuCl2+2AgNO3-->Cu(NO3)2+2AgCl
Cu(NO3)+2NaOH-->Cu(OH)2+2NaNO3
Cu(OH)2-->CuO+H2O
2CuO-->2Cu+O2
3)4Al+3O2-->2Al2O3
Al2O3+6HCl-->2AlCl3+3H2O
2AlCl3+6NaOH-->2Al(OH)3+6NaCl
2Al(OH)3-->Al2O3+3H2O
2Al2O3-->4Al+3O2
2Al+2H2O+2NaOH-->2NaAlO2+3H2
4)C+O2-->CO2
CO2+C-->2CO
2CO+O2---->2CO2-
CO2+NaOH----->NaHCO3
2NaHCO3-->Na2CO3+H2O+CO2
Na2CO3+CaCl2-->CaCO3+2NaCl
CaCO3-->CO2+CaO
5)Cl2+H2-->2HCL
2HCl-->Cl2+H2
Cl2+2Na-->2NaCl
2NaCl-->Cl2+2Na
Cl2+2NaOH-->NaClO+NaCl+H2O
g) 1. Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
2. FeCl3 + 3NaOH → 3NaCl + Fe(OH)3↓
3. 2Fe(OH)3 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) Fe2O3 + 3H2O
4. Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
h) 1. ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓
2. Zn(OH)2 + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + 2H2O
3. ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓
4. NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl↓
1) P2O5+H2O−>H3PO4
10) Na2O+H2O−>NaOH
2) CO2+H2O−>H2CO3
11) CaO + H2O−>Ca(OH)2
3) SO2+H2O−>H3SO3
12) BaO + H2O−>Ba(OH)2
4) SO3+H2O−>H2SO4
13) K2O+H2O−>.KOH
5) N2O5+H2O−>HNO3
14) Fe2O3+HCL−>FeCl3+H20
6) ......H3PO4.... + NaOH -> Na3PO4+H2O
15) ......MgO..+ H2SO4−>MgSO4+H2O
7) .CO2+ Ca(OH)2−>CaCO3+H2O
16) .KOH.....+H3PO4−>K3PO4+H2O
8) SO2...+ KOH -> K2SO3+H2O
17) .CaO+.CO2 ->CaCO3
9) .HNO3.+ Ba(OH)2−>Ba(NO3)2+H2O
18) .H3PO4.+..NaOH -> Na3PO4
a. Al2O3+ 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
b. 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3Ba(OH)2 --->2Fe(OH)3 + 3Ba(NO3)2
c. 3Ca(NO3)2 + 2K3PO4 ---> Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KNO3
d. Ca(HCO3)2 + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + 2CO2 + 2H2O
a, Al2O3+3H2SO4--->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
b, 2Fe(NO3)3+3Ba(OH)2--->2Fe(OH)3+3Ba(NO3)2
c, 3Ca(NO3)2+2K3PO4--->Ca3(PO4)2+6KNO3
d, Ca(HCO3)2+2HCl--->CaCl2+2CO2+2H2O
a) NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + \(H_2O\)
b) MgO + \(CO_2\) -> \(MgCO_3\)
c) CuO + HCl -> \(CuCl_2\) + \(H_2O\)
a) NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
b) MgO + CO2 -> MgCO3
c) CuO + 2HCl -> CuCl2 + H2O
\(1.\\ CuSO_4\underrightarrow{\left(1\right)}Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{\left(2\right)}CuO\underrightarrow{\left(3\right)}CuCl_2\underrightarrow{\left(4\right)}NaCl\\ \left(1\right)CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\\ \left(2\right)Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \left(3\right)CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\\ \left(4\right)CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
2.
- Trích mẫu thử, cho quỳ tím vào các mẫu thử:
+ Hóa xanh: NaOH
+ Không hiện tượng: Na2SO4 và NaCl (A)
- Cho dd BaCl2 vào nhóm (A) nếu:
+ Kết tủa: Na2SO4
+ Không ht: NaCl
( Tự viết các PTHH)
1)
CuSO4+2 NaoH----->Cu(OH)2+Na2SO4
Cu(OH)2--->CuO+H2O
CuO+HCl--->CuCl2+H2O
CuCl2+ 2NaOH---->Cu(OH)2+2NaCl
2) -Cho Qùy tím vào
+Mẫu thử làm quỳ tím hóa xanh là NaOH
+Mẫu thử ko làm qt chuyển màu là Na2SO4 và NaCl
-cho BaCl2 vào NaCl và Na2SO4
+Có kết tủa là Na2SO4
Na2SO4+BaCl2---->2NaCl+BaSO4
+K ht là NaCl