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1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
a,Fe + 2HCl → FeCl + H2 (1)
FeO + 2HCl → FeCl + H2O (2)
nH2 = 3,36/ 22,4 = 0,15 ( mol)
Theo (1) nH2 = nFe = 0,15 ( mol)
mFe = 0,15 x 56 = 8.4 (g)
m FeO = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6 (g)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
theo (1) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeO}=12-8,4=3,6\left(g\right)\)
ta thấy : nFe =nH2 = 0,15
=> mFe =0,15 x 56 = 8,4g
%Fe=8,4/12 x 100 = 70%
=>%FeO = 100 - 70 = 30%
b) BTKLra mdd tìm mct of HCl
c) tìm mdd sau pứ -mH2 nha bạn
a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,336}{22,4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
0,03<------------0,03<----0,015
=> \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,03.23}{1,31}.100\%=52,67\%\)
=> \(\%m_{Na_2O}=100\%-52,67\%=47,33\%\)
b)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{1,31.47,33\%}{62}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
0,01----------->0,02
=> nNaOH = 0,03 + 0,02 = 0,05 (mol)
mdd sau pư = 1,31 + 18,72 - 0,015.2 = 20 (g)
=> \(C\%_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{20}.100\%=10\%\)
\(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{1,2}=\dfrac{50}{3}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(dd.NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{\dfrac{1}{60}}=3M\)
\(a) \\ Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O\\ b) \text{Theo PTHH} : \\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ \%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{8} .100\% = 70\%\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3} = 100\% -70\% = 30\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ \left(mol\right).....0,1...........................\leftarrow0,1\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe_2O_3}=\Sigma m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=8-5,6=2,4\left(g\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}.100\%=70\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{2,4}{8}.100\%=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 14:
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ca + 2H2O --> Ca(OH)2 + H2
0,5<--------------0,5<----0,5
=> mCa = 0,5.40 = 20 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{20}{34}.100\%=58,82\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-58,82\%=41,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) b phải là khối lượng bazo thu được chứ nhỉ..., sao tính đc m dung dịch
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{34-20}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + H2O --> Ca(OH)2
0,25---------->0,25
=> mCa(OH)2 = (0,5 + 0,25).74 = 55,5 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5 ( mol )
( \(CaO+H_2O\) không giải phóng \(H_2\) )
\(m_{Ca}=0,5.40=20g\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{20}{34}.100=58,82\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-58,82\%=41,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{34-20}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
0,25 0,25 ( mol )
\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,5+0,25\right).74=55,5g\)
Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 56x+27y=11(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,4(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\%\)
1.
2Na + 2H2O\(\rightarrow\)2NaOH + H2 (1)
Na2O + H2O \(\rightarrow\)2NaOH (2)
nH2=\(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH 1 ta có:
2nH2=nNa=0,3(mol)
mNa=0,3.23=6,9(g)
mNa2O=13,1-6,9=6,2(g)
nNa2O=\(\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH 1 và 2 ta có:
nNa=nNaOH=0,3(mol)
2nNa2O=nNaOH=0,2(mol)
mNaOH=(0,2+0,3).40=20(g)
C% dd NaOH=\(\dfrac{20}{13,1+100-0,15.2}.100\%=17,73\%\)
2, gọi x la so mol cua Al
y la so mol cua Fe
2Al + 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
de: x \(\rightarrow\) 1,5x \(\rightarrow\) 1,5x
Fe + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) FeSO4 + H2
de: y \(\rightarrow\) y \(\rightarrow\) y
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Ta co: 27x + 56y = 22,2
1,5x + y = 0,6
=> x= 0,2 y= 0,3
b, \(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,2}{22,2}.100\%\approx24,32\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100-24,32\approx75,68\%\)
c, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=98.\left(0,2.1,5+0,3\right)=58,8g\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{100}.100\%=58,8\%\)