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1.
\(6=\frac{\sqrt{2}^2}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{3}^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x+y}=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{\sqrt{3}}\\x+y=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự giải hệ tìm điểm rơi nếu thích, số xấu quá
2.
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=t\Rightarrow0< t\le1\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{t^2+\frac{81}{t^2}}=\sqrt{t^2+\frac{1}{t^2}+\frac{80}{t^2}}\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{t^2}}+\frac{80}{1^2}}=\sqrt{82}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
3.
\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^6}{b^{15}.a^6}}=\frac{5}{b^3}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{3b^2}{c^5}+\frac{2}{b^3}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\) ; \(\frac{3c^2}{d^5}+\frac{2}{c^3}\ge\frac{5}{d^3}\) ; \(\frac{3d^2}{a^5}+\frac{2}{d^2}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\)
Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn ta được: \(3VT\ge3VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
4.
ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
\(y^2=\left(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\right)^2\le2\left(x^2+4-x^2\right)=8\)
\(\Rightarrow y\le2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2\\\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge-2\)
\(y_{min}=-2\) khi \(x=-2\)
Mấy cái dấu "=" anh tự xét.
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(VT=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
a) Áp dụng: \(VT\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}.\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
b) \(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\le3-\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}=\frac{3}{4}\)
2.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki :
\(\left(1+9^2\right)\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\ge\left(x+\frac{9}{x}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow82\cdot\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\ge\left(x+\frac{9}{x}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{82}\cdot\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}\ge x+\frac{9}{x}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\sqrt{82}\cdot\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge y+\frac{9}{y}\)
\(\sqrt{82}\cdot\sqrt{z^2+\frac{1}{z^2}}\ge z+\frac{9}{z}\)
Cộng theo vế của các bất đẳng thức ta được :
\(\sqrt{82}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}+\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}+\sqrt{z^2+\frac{1}{z^2}}\right)\ge x+y+z+\frac{9}{x}+\frac{9}{y}+\frac{9}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{82}\cdot P\ge x+\frac{9}{x}+y+\frac{9}{y}+z+\frac{9}{z}\)(1)
Mặt khác áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :
\(x+\frac{9}{x}+y+\frac{9}{y}+z+\frac{9}{z}=81x+\frac{9}{x}+81y+\frac{9}{y}+81z+\frac{9}{z}-80x-80y-80z\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{81x\cdot9}{x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{81y\cdot9}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{81z\cdot9}{z}}-80\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{729}+2\sqrt{729}+2\sqrt{729}-80\cdot1\)
\(=82\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\sqrt{82}\cdot P\ge82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\sqrt{82}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
1.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy :
\(\frac{a^2+1}{a}+\frac{b^2+1}{b}+\frac{c^2+1}{c}\)
\(=a+\frac{1}{a}+b+\frac{1}{b}+c+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(=9a+\frac{1}{a}+9b+\frac{1}{b}+9c+\frac{1}{c}-8a-8b-8c\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9a}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{9b}{b}}+2\sqrt{\frac{9c}{c}}-8\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\ge3\cdot2\sqrt{9}-8=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a+2b}+\frac{b^2}{2a+b}\geq \frac{(a+b)^2}{a+2b+2a+b}=\frac{(a+b)^2}{3(a+b)}=\frac{a+b}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{a}{a+2b}=\frac{b}{2a+b}\\ a+b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Vì $x+y=2019$ nên $2019-x=y; 2019-y=x$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{2019-y}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y^2}{y\sqrt{x}}\geq \frac{(x+y)^2}{x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}\)
Mà theo BĐT AM-GM và Bunhiacopxky:
\((x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x})^2\leq (xy+yx)(x+y)=2xy(x+y)\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{2}.(x+y)=\frac{(x+y)^3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{(x+y)^2}{\sqrt{\frac{(x+y)^3}{2}}}=\sqrt{2(x+y)}=\sqrt{2.2019}=\sqrt{4038}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\sqrt{4038}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{2019}{2}\)
1) ĐK: \(\frac{x+1}{x}>0\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x>0\\x< -1\end{array}\right.\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{\frac{x+1}{x}}\left(t>0\right)\) , bất pt đã cho trở thành:
\(\frac{1}{t^2}-2t>3\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-2t^3-3t^2}{t^2}>0\Leftrightarrow1-2t^3-3t^2>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t+1\right)^2\left(1-2t\right)>0\Leftrightarrow1-2t>0\Leftrightarrow t< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(t< \frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{x+1}{x}}< \frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+1}{x}< \frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x+4}{4x}< 0\)
Lập bảng xét dấu ta được \(-\frac{4}{3}< x< 0\)
Kết hợp điều kiện ta được: \(-\frac{4}{3}< x< -1\) là giá trị cần tìm
3) Chứng minh BĐT phụ: \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\)(1)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{a+b}{4ab}\Leftrightarrow4ab\le\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra ↔ a = b
Áp dụng BĐT trên, ta có:
\(\frac{x}{x+1}=\frac{x}{x+x+y+z}=\frac{x}{x+y+x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{y}{y+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{z}{z+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế ba BĐT trên ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(1+1+1\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/3 (do x + y + z = 1)
Vậy GTLN của P là 3/4 khi x = y = z = 1/3
a/ \(\frac{x}{2}+\frac{18}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{18}{x}}=...\)
b/ \(\frac{x}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}=\frac{x-1}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}+\frac{1}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x-1}{2}.\frac{2}{x-1}}+\frac{1}{2}=...\)
c/ \(\frac{3x}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}.\frac{1}{x+1}}-\frac{3}{2}=...\)
d/ \(\frac{x}{3}+\frac{5}{2x-1}=\frac{2x-1}{6}+\frac{5}{2x-1}+\frac{1}{6}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2x-1}{6}.\frac{5}{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{6}=...\)
e/ \(\frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5}{x}=\frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5-5x+5x}{x}=\frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5\left(1-x\right)}{x}+5\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{1-x}.\frac{5\left(1-x\right)}{x}}+5=...\)
f/ \(\frac{x^3+1}{x^2}=x+\frac{1}{x^2}=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{1}{x^2}}=...\)
g/ \(\frac{x^2+4x+4}{x}=x+\frac{4}{x}+4\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{4}{x}}+4=...\)
\(y=\frac{x-1}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}+\frac{1}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)}}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{2}{x-1}\Rightarrow x=3\)
\(y=\frac{5\left(3x-1\right)}{9}+\frac{5}{3x-1}+\frac{5}{9}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{25\left(3x-1\right)}{9\left(3x-1\right)}}+\frac{5}{9}=\frac{35}{9}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{4}{3}\)
\(y=-2+\frac{2}{1-x}+\frac{3}{x}\ge-2+\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{1-x+x}=3+2\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{1-x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow x=3-\sqrt{6}\)
\(y=x+\frac{9}{x}+2020\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9x}{x}}+2020=2026\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=3\)
câu 1.Ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{x+3y}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{x+3y}.\frac{x+3y}{16}}=\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\frac{y^2}{y+3x}+\frac{y+3x}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{y+3x}.\frac{y+3x}{16}}=\frac{y}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{y^2}{y+3x}+\frac{x+y+3x+3y}{16}\ge\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{y^2}{y+3x}+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{y^2}{y+3x}\ge\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Câu 2:
điều kiện \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=4\)(đúng ko)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{a^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2+1}.\frac{a^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{b^2+1}.\frac{b^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2+1}.\frac{b^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{c^2+1}.\frac{c^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{d^2+1}+\frac{d^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{d^2+1}.\frac{d^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{1}{d^2+1}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+4}{4}\ge4\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{1}{d^2+1}\ge4-\frac{8}{4}=2\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bạn ơi 2 dòng cuối ở câu 2 mình chưa hiểu lắm, làm sao để mất \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\)được vậy?