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1.1. Al + NaOH + H2O ==> NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
nH2(1)=3,36/22,4=0.15(mol)
=> nAl(1)= nH2(1):3/2= 0.15:3/2= 0.1(mol)
2.Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 + H2
3.2Al + 6HCl ==> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
4.Fe + 2HCl ==> FeCl2 + H2
=> \(n_{H_2\left(2,3,4\right)}=\) 10.08/22.4= 0.45(mol)
=> nH2(3)=0.1*3/2=0.15(mol)
MgCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
AlCl3 + 3NaOH ==> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
FeCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{6,4}.100\%=37,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{MgO}=100\%-37,5\%=62,5\%\)
\(b,n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6,4-0,1.24}{40}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2.0,1+2.0,1=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8(l)\\ c,n_{MgCl_2}=0,1+0,1=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25M\)
\(a,Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{12,8}.100\%=87,5\%\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-87,5\%=12,5\%\\ c,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12,8-11,2}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}+3n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2+3.0,01=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,23}{0,46}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
CR ko tan là Cu
mCu= 12,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\) mMg + mFe = 23,6 - 12,8 = 10,8 (g)
Gọi nMg=x , nFe=y trong 10,8 g
\(\Rightarrow\) 24x + 56y = 10,8 (l)
Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2
x ----> 2x (mol)
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
y ----> 2y (mol)
nHCl = \(\frac{91,25.20\%}{36,5}\) = 0,5 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\) 2x + 2y = 0,5 (ll)
Từ (l) và (ll) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\begin{cases}x=0,1\\y=0,15\end{cases}\)
mMg = 0,1 . 24 =2,4 (g)
mFe = 8,4 (g)
\(a,CO_2+Ba(OH)_2\to BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ b,n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Ba(OH)_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba(OH)_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\ c,n_{BaCO_3}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{BaCO_3}=0,1.197=19,7(g)\)
Câu 1:
Ca+2H2O\(\rightarrow\)Ca(OH)2+H2
CaO+H2O\(\rightarrow\)Ca(OH)2
\(n_{Ca}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
mCa=0,2.40=8 gam
%Ca=\(\dfrac{8.100}{20}=40\%\)