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a, \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
b, \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,125.98=12,25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,1}=1,25\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,125 0,25 0,125 0,25
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,125.98=12,25\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(CuCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,1}=1,25\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{20}{160}=0,125(mol)\\ a,CuSO_4+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25M\\ b,n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125.98=12,25(g)\\ c,Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,125.80=10(g)\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{100.14}{100.56}=0,25(mol)\\ 2KOH+CuCl_2\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125(mol);n_{KCl}=0,25(mol)\\ a,m_{CuCl_2}=0,125.135=16,875(g)\\ b,m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125.98=12,25(g)\\ c,C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,25.74,5}{100+16,875-12,25}.100\%=17,8\%\\ d,Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,125.80=10(g)\)
a)\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,4.0,5=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
⇒ \(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b)\(C_{M\left(ddNaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=1,3\left(M\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Mol: 0,2 0,2
=> mCuO = 0,2.80 = 16 (g)
a, \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{15}{60}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COONa}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CH_3COONa}=0,25.82=20,5\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{dd}=\dfrac{15}{2\%}=750\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{15}{60}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+CH_3COOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\\a, n_{CH_3COONa}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a=m_{CH_3COONa}=0,25.82=20,5\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{15.100}{2}=750\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuCl2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}=n_{CuCl_2\left(dư\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
BTKL: mD + mNaHCO3 = mCO2 + mE
mD + 179,88 = 44.0,2 + 492 => mD = 320,92
BTKL: mMg + mddHCl = mH2 + mD
=> 24 . 0,4 + mddHCl = 2 . 0,4 + 320,92 => mddHCl = 312,12
=> C%HCl = 11,69%
\(PTHH:AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
(mol)_____0,024_____0,072____0,072_____0,024
a) \(n_{\downarrow}=\frac{1,872}{78}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\frac{0,072}{0,1}=0,72\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\frac{0,024}{0,025}=0,96\left(M\right)\)
b)
\(n_{\downarrow}=\frac{\frac{9}{10}.1,872}{78}=0,0216\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{NaOH}=\frac{0,0216.3}{0,72}=0,09\left(l\right)=90\left(ml\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\frac{0,024}{0,025}=0,96\left(M\right)\)