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1) \(A=\sqrt{17-12\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}-3\right)^2}=3-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(B=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-1+2-\sqrt{3}=1\)
\(C=\sqrt{63}-\sqrt{28}-\sqrt{7}=3\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{7}=0\)
\(D=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{3-1}=\frac{4}{2}=2\)
\(M=\left(\frac{1}{3-\sqrt{5}}-\frac{1}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right):\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}-1}=\frac{3+\sqrt{5}-3+\sqrt{5}}{9-5}.\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}=\frac{2}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Chờ từ trưa không idol nào đụng thì thôi em xin vậy :))
BT1:
Ta có: \(A\cdot B=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}\cdot\sqrt{4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{16-10-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}-1\)
Từ đó thay vào: \(\left(A-B\right)^2\)
\(=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
\(=4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}-2\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)+4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=10-2\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-B=\sqrt{10-2\sqrt{5}}\)
BT2:
Đặt \(B=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B^2=4+\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{\left(4+\sqrt{7}\right)\left(4-\sqrt{7}\right)}+4-\sqrt{7}\)
\(=8-2\sqrt{16-7}=8-2\cdot3=2\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=B-\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=0\)
BT3:
đk: \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge2\\x< -2\end{cases}}\)
\(C=\frac{x+2+\sqrt{x^2-4}}{x+2-\sqrt{x^2-4}}+\frac{x+2-\sqrt{x^2-4}}{x+2+\sqrt{x^2-4}}\)
\(C=\frac{\left(x+2+\sqrt{x^2-4}\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(x^2-4\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2-\sqrt{x^2-4}\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(x^2-4\right)}\)
\(C=\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2+2\left(x+2\right)\sqrt{x^2-4}+x^2-4+\left(x+2\right)^2-2\left(x+2\right)\sqrt{x^2-4}+x^2-4}{x^2+4x+4-x^2+4}\)
\(C=\frac{2x^2+8x+8+2x^2-8}{4x+8}\)
\(C=\frac{4x^2+8x}{4x+8}=x\)
Vậy C = x
a)
Lưu ý. Các căn số bậc hai là những số thực. Do đó khó làm tính với căn số bậc hai, ta có thể vận dụng mọi quy tắc và mọi tính chất của các phép toàn trên số thực.
b) Dùng phép đưa thừa số ra ngoài dấu căn để có những căn thức giống nhau là .
ĐS:
2. a) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\sqrt{3x-1}=4\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x-1}\right)^2=4^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-1=16\)\(\Leftrightarrow3x=17\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{17}{3}\)( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Vậy \(x=\frac{17}{3}\)
b) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1}=x-1\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=x^2-2x+1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Vậy \(x=1\)hoặc \(x=2\)
3. \(\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{6}}-\sqrt{10-4\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{6}+1}-\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{6}+4}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{6}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{6}-2\right|\)
Vì \(6>1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{6}>\sqrt{1}=1\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{6}-1>0\)
\(6>4\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{6}>\sqrt{4}=2\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{6}-2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\sqrt{6}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{6}-2\right|=\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{6}-1-\sqrt{6}+2=1\)
hay \(\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{6}}-\sqrt{10-4\sqrt{6}}=1\)
2a) \(\sqrt{3x-1}=4\)( ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge\frac{1}{3}\))
Bình phương hai vế
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x-1}\right)^2=4^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-1=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=17\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{17}{3}\)( tmđk )
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là x = 17/3
b) \(\sqrt{x-1}=x-1\)( ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge1\))
Bình phương hai vế
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=x^2-2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-2x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}\left(tmđk\right)}\)
Vậy phương trình có hai nghiệm là x = 1 hoặc x = 2
3. \(\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{6}}-\sqrt{10-4\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{6}+1}-\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{6}+4}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{6}\cdot1+1^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{6}\cdot2+2^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{6}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{6}-2\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{6}-1-\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{6}-1-\sqrt{6}+2\)
\(=1\)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5+2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1}-\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1}-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\left|\sqrt{5}+1\right|-\left|\sqrt{5}-1\right|-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}+1-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)(Vì \(\sqrt{5}>1>0\))
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}+1-\sqrt{5}+1-2}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2-2}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{0}{\sqrt{2}}=0\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}-2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}\cdot\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{1}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}+2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}\cdot\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\right)^2}+\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\right|-\left|\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\right|+\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}-\left(\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\right)+\sqrt{7}\)(Vì \(\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}>\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}>0\))
\(=\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{7}\)
\(=-2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{7}\)
\(=-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{7}\)