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\(\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2-2ab}=\frac{x^2}{x-2}\) với \(x=a^2+b^2\)
Xét \(x^2-8\left(x-2\right)=x^2-8x+16=\left(x-4\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2\ge8\left(x-2\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{x-2}\ge8\)hay \(\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)}\ge8\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge8\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{a-b}\ge2\sqrt{2}\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{x^2}{z},\text{ }b=\frac{y^2}{z}\) thì \(z=\sqrt{x^4+y^4}\) và x, y, z > 0
Ta cần chứng minh: \(z\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)-\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{2}\)
Tương đương: \(\sqrt{x^4+y^4}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\ge\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right)^2+2\sqrt{2}\)
Sau cùng ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{2\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2}{x^2y^2}\ge0\)
Xong.
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\left(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{a}{b}-\frac{b}{a}+2=\frac{a+b-1}{ab}+2\)
\(\frac{2\left(a+b-1\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2-1}+2=\frac{2}{a+b+1}+2\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+1}+2=\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}+1}+2=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{x^2}{z},b=\frac{y^2}{z}\rightarrow x^4+y^4=z^2\) where x, y, z> 0
\(z\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)-\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^4+y^4}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\ge2\sqrt{2}+\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2}{x^2y^2}\ge0\) *Đúng*
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+ab}}\)\(=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)\left(ab+c^2+c^2\right)}}\)\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\)\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2c^2}\)\(=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}\ge ab+2c^2\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{bc+2a^2}{1+bc-a^2}}\ge bc+2a^2\); \(\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+2b^2}{1+ac-b^2}}\ge ac+2b^2\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\ge2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+ab+bc+ac=2+ab+bc+ac\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(ab+1\right)+\left(\frac{ab+1}{a+b}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-\frac{ab+1}{a+b}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+1=\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab+1}=a+b\in Q\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
ta có:\(a^2+b^2+\left(\frac{1+ab}{a+b}\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(\frac{1+ab}{a+b}\right)^2-2ab\ge2\left(1+ab\right)-2ab=2\)
Ta đặt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=a-1\\y=b-2\\z=c-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=3\) và \(x,y,z\ge0\) (*)
Biểu thứ P trở thành:
\(P=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\)
Từ (*) dễ thấy:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le x\le3\\0\le y\le3\\0\le z\le3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le x\le\sqrt{3x}\\0\le y\le\sqrt{3y}\\0\le z\le\sqrt{3z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó:
\(P\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}\)
Dầu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(3;0;0\right)=\left(0;3;0\right)=\left(0;0;3\right)\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a-b}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2+2ab}{a-b}=\left(a-b\right)+\frac{2ab}{a-b}=\left(a-b\right)+\frac{1}{a-b}\)
Vì a>b>0=> \(a-b>0;\frac{1}{a-b}>0\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô ai ta có:\
\(\left(a-b\right)+\frac{2}{a-b}\ge2\sqrt{\left(a-b\right)\cdot\frac{2}{a-b}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
=>đpcm