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BÀI 1:
\(A=\left(x-10\right)^2+103\)
Có: \(\left(x-10\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
=> \(A\ge103\)
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> \(\left(x-10\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=10\)
\(B=\left(2x+1\right)^2-6\)
Có: \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
=> \(B\ge-6\)
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> \(\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
BÀI 3:
a) \(A=y^4+y^3-y^2-2y-\left(y^4+y^3+y^2-2y^2-2y-2\right)\)
\(A=y^4+y^3-y^2-2y-y^4-y^3+y^2+2y+2\)
\(A=2\)
b) \(B=\left(2x\right)^3+3^3-8x^3+2\)
\(B=29\)
Bài 1.
A = x2 - 20x + 103
A = ( x2 - 20x + 100 ) + 3
A = ( x - 10 )2 + 3 ≥ 3 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 10 = 0 => x = 10
=> MinA = 3 <=> x = 10
B = 4x2 + 4x - 5
B = ( 4x2 + 4x + 1 ) - 6
B = ( 2x + 1 )2 - 6 ≥ -6 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> 2x + 1 = 0 => x = -1/2
=> MinB = -6 <=> x = -1/2
Bài 2.
A = -x2 + 8x - 21
A = -x2 + 8x - 16 - 5
A = -( x2 - 8x + 16 ) - 5
A = -( x - 4 )2 - 5 ≤ -5 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 4 = 0 => x = 4
=> MaxA = -5 <=> x = 4
B = lỗi đề :>
Bài 3.
a) y( y3 + y2 - y - 2 ) - ( y2 - 2 )( y2 + y + 1 )
= y4 + y3 - y2 - 2y - ( y4 + y3 + y2 - 2y2 - 2y - 2 )
= y4 + y3 - y2 - 2y - y4 - y3 - y2 + 2y2 + 2y + 2
= 2 ( đpcm )
b) ( 2x + 3 )( 4x2 - 6x + 9 ) - 2( 4x3 - 1 )
= ( 2x )3 + 27 - 8x3 + 2
= 8x3 + 27 - 8x3 + 2
= 29 ( đpcm )
Câu D ở chỗ x+1 hay x-1 ạ
\(A=x^2+3x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.1,5x+2,25+4,75\)
\(=\left(x+1,5\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4,75\Leftrightarrow x=-1,5\)
\(B=2x^2-8x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b/ \(3-100x+8x^2=8x^2+x-300\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-101x=-303\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
c/ \(5\left(5x+2\right)-10\left(8x-1\right)=6\left(4x+2\right)-150\)
\(\Leftrightarrow25x+10-80x+10=24x+12-150\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-79x=-158\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
d/ \(3\left(3x+2\right)-\left(3x+1\right)=12x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x+6-3x-1=12x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{6}\)
e/ \(30x-6\left(2x-5\right)+5\left(x+8\right)=210+10\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow30x-12x+30+5x+40=210+10x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13x=130\)
\(\Rightarrow x=10\)
\(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=-3\) khi \(x=2\)
\(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=10\) khi \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{min}=-36\) khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(D=-x^2-8x-16+21=21-\left(x+4\right)^2\le21\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{max}=21\) khi \(x=-4\)
\(E=-x^2+4x-4+5=5-\left(x-2\right)^2\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=5\) khi \(x=2\)
\(\text{a) }3x^2y^2:x^2=3y^2\)
\(\text{b) }\left(x^5+4x^3-6x^2\right):4x^2\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\text{c) }\left(x^3-8\right):\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right):\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\\ =x-2\)
\(\text{d) }\left(3x^2-6x\right):\left(2-x\right)\\ =3x\left(x-2\right):\left(2-x\right)\\ =-3x\left(2-x\right):\left(2-x\right)\\ =-3x\)
\(\text{e) }\left(x^3+2x^2-2x-1\right):\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^3+3x^2-x^2+x-3x-1\right):\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\\ =\left[\left(x^3+3x^2+x\right)-\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\right]:\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\\ =\left[x\left(x^2+3x+1\right)-\left(x^2+3x-1\right)\right]:\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3x+1\right):\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\\ =x-1\)
a) 3x2y2 : x2 = 3y2
b)( x5 + 4x3 - 6x2 ) : 4x2
=\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)x3+ x - \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2: \(a,\frac{7x-1}{2x^2+6x}=\frac{7x-1}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(7x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\frac{5-3x}{x^2-9}=\frac{5-3x}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(5-3x\right)2x}{2x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(b,\frac{x+1}{x-x^2}=\frac{x+1}{x\left(1-x\right)}=-\frac{x+1}{x\left(x+1\right)}=-\frac{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{x+2}{2-4x+2x^2}=\frac{x+2}{2\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{2x\left(x+2\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(c,\frac{4x^2-3x+5}{x^3-1}=\frac{4x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{2x}{x^2+x+1}=\frac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{6}{x-1}=\frac{6\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(d,\frac{7}{5x}=\frac{7.2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}{2.5x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{4}{x-2y}=-\frac{4}{2y-x}=-\frac{4.2.5x\left(2x+x\right)}{2.5x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{x-y}{8y^2-2x^2}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(4y^2-x^2\right)}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}=\frac{5x\left(x-y\right)}{2.5x.\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
1)Ta có A =x2 - 4x + 1
= x2 - 2.2.x + 22 - 3
= ( x - 2 )2 -3
Với x \(\inℝ\), ( x - 2 )2 \(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x - 2 )2 - 3 \(\ge\)-3
Vậy GTNN của A là -3
2) Ta có B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 2.2x.1 + 12 +10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 +10
*tương tự câu 1*
3) *tương tự câu 2*
4) Ta có P = ( 2x + 1 )2 + ( x + 2)2
= [ ( 2x )2 + 2.2x.1 + 12 ] + [ x2 + 2.x.2 + 22 ]
= 4x2 + 4x +1 + x2 + 4x + 4
= 5x2 + 8x + 5
Với x\(\inℝ\), 5x2 \(\ge\)0
mà GTNN của 8x + 5 là 5
\(\Rightarrow\) GTNN của 5x2 + 8x + 5 là 5
Vậy GTNN của ( 2x + 1 )2 + ( x + 2)2 là 5