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A = x 2 + 2 y 2 – 2 x y + 2 x – 10 y ⇔ A = x 2 + y 2 + 1 – 2 x y + 2 x – 2 y + y 2 – 8 y + 16 – 17 ⇔ A = ( x 2 + y 2 + 12 – 2 . x . y + 2 . x . 1 – 2 . y . 1 ) + ( y 2 – 2 . 4 . y + 4 2 ) – 17 ⇔ A = ( x – y + 1 ) 2 + ( y – 4 ) 2 – 17
Vì với mọi x; y nên A ≥ -17 với mọi x; y
=> A = -17
⇔ x − y + 1 = 0 y − 4 = 0 ⇔ x = y − 1 y = 4 ⇔ x = 3 y = 4
Vậy A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là A = -17 tại x = 3 y = 4
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
A = x 2 + 2 y 2 – 2 x y + 2 x – 10 y ⇔ A = x 2 + y 2 + 1 – 2 x y + 2 x – 2 y + y 2 – 8 y + 16 – 17 ⇔ A = ( x 2 + y 2 + 1 2 – 2 . x . y + 2 . x . 1 – 2 . y . 1 ) + ( y 2 – 2 . 4 . y + 4 2 ) – 17 ⇔ A = ( x – y + 1 ) 2 + ( y – 4 ) 2 – 17
Vì x - y + 1 2 ≥ 0 y - 4 2 ≥ 0 với mọi x, y nên A ≥ -17 với mọi x, y
=> A = -17 ó x - y + 1 = 0 y - 4 = 0 ó x = y - 1 y = 4 ó x = 3 y = 4
Vậy A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là A = -17 tại x = 3 y = 4
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
\(A=\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-17\\ A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-17\ge-17\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y-1=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=x^2-2xy+2y^2-4y+5\\=(x^2-2xy+y^2)+(y^2-4y+4)+1\\=(x-y)^2+(y-2)^2+1\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x;y\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\)
Vậy \(Min_A=1\) khi \(x=y=2\).
$Toru$
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+y^2-8y+16-17\\ A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\ge17\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=17\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
A= x2+2y2-2xy-2x-2y+1015
A = x2 - 2xy - 2x + y2 + 2y + 1 + y2 - 4y + 4 + 1010
A = [x2 - 2x(y + 1) + (y+1)2 ] + (y-2)2 + 1010
A = ( x - y - 1)2 + (y-2)2 + 1010 \(\ge1010\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy MinA = 1010 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Q = x 2 + 2 y 2 + 2 x y − 2 x − 6 y + 2015 = x 2 + 2 x y + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x 2 + 2 x y + y 2 − 2 x + 2 y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x + y 2 − 2 x + y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x + y − 1 2 + y − 2 2 + 2010
Lời giải:
$P=(x^2+y^2+2xy)+y^2-6x-8y+2028$
$=(x+y)^2-6(x+y)+(y^2-2y)+2028$
$=(x+y)^2-6(x+y)+9+(y^2-2y+1)+2018$
$=(x+y-3)^2+(y-1)^2+2018\geq 0+0+2018=2018$
Vậy $P_{\min}=2018$
Giá trị này đạt tại $x+y-3=y-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow y=1; x=2$
1) \(P=x^2+3x+3=\left(x^2+2.x\cdot\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
2) \(Q=\left(x+y\right)^2+y^2-2\ge-2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=0,y=0
\(P=x^2+3x+3\)
\(=x^2+2.x.\frac{3}{2}+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+3\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
\(Q=x^2+2y^2+2xy-2\)
\(=x^2+y^2+y^2+2xy-2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+y^2-2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+y^2-2\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\y^2\ge0\forall y\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+y^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+y^2-2\ge-2\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow Q_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)