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1. Ta có: \(x^2-2xy-x+y+3=0\)
<=> \(x^2-2xy-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+2.y.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+y^2-y^2-\frac{1}{4}+3=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-y^2=-\frac{11}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(x-2y-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)=-\frac{11}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(2x-4y-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=-11\)
Th1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=11\\2x-1=-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Th2: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=-11\\2x-1=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Th3: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=1\\2x-1=-11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-5\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Th4: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=-1\\2x-1=11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=6\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Kết luận:...
\(4=a+b+2ab\ge2\sqrt{ab}+ab\Rightarrow ab+\sqrt{ab}-2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{ab}+2\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}-1\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\le1\)
Lại có a;b ko âm nên \(ab\ge0\Rightarrow0\le ab\le1\)
\(P=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=\left(4-2ab\right)^3-3ab\left(4-2ab\right)\)
Đặt \(ab=x\Rightarrow0\le x\le1\)
\(P=\left(4-2x\right)^3-3x\left(4-2x\right)=-8x^3+54x^2-108x+64\)
\(=64-\frac{x}{8}\left(64x^2-432x+864\right)=64-\frac{x}{8}.\left\lbrack\left(8x-27\right)^2+135\right\rbrack\)
Do \(\left(8x-27\right)^2+135>0;\forall x\Rightarrow\frac{x}{8}\left\lbrack\left(8x-27\right)^2+135\right\rbrack\ge0;\forall x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le64\)
\(P_{max}=64\) khi x=0 \(\Rightarrow\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;4\right);\left(4;0\right)\)
Lại có:
\(P=2+\left(-8x^3+54x^2-108x+62\right)=2+2\left(1-x\right)\left(4x^2-23x+31\right)\)
Do \(1-x\ge0;\forall x\le1\)
Đồng thời \(4x^2-23x+31=4x^2+23\left(1-x\right)+8>0;\forall x\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(1-x\right)\left(4x^2-23x+31\right)\ge0;\forall x\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\)
\(P_{\min}=2\) khi x=1 =>a=b=1
\(P=\dfrac{6x+6y+2xy}{2}=\dfrac{6x+6y+2xy+10-10}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{6x+6y+2xy+2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+6}{2}-5\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+2\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2}{2}-5\ge-5\)
\(P_{min}=-5\) khi \(x=y=-1\)
