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\(f\left(x\right)=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(ax+b\right)\)
\(f\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(ax-a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)-f\left(x-1\right)=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(ax+b\right)-\)
\(\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(ax-a+b\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(ax+b\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(ax-a+b\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)[x\left(ax+b\right)+2\left(ax+b\right)-x\left(ax-a+b\right)\)
\(+\left(ax-a+b\right)]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)(ax^2+bx+2ax+2b-ax^2+ax\)
\(-bx+ax-a+b)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(4ax-a+3b\right)\)
Mà theo đề \(f\left(x\right)-f\left(x-1\right)=x\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
Đồng nhất hệ số là ra
a) \(x^6-y^6=\left(x^3-y^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
b) \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(2y\right)\left(2x\right)\)
c) \(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2=4x\left(2x+1\right)\)
f) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
\(d,x^2-10x+25=\left(x-5\right)^2\)
\(e,x^2-x-y^2-y=x^2-y^2-x-y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
\(h,xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xyz+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz+xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z+x\right)+xz\left(x+z+y\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+zx+zy+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(g,3\left(x-3\right)\left(x+7\right)+\left(x-4\right)^2+48\)
\(=3\left(x^2+4x-21\right)+\left(x^2-8x+16\right)+48\)
\(=3x^2+12x-63+x^2-8x+64\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1=\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
\(j,x^3-x+y^3-y=x^3+y^3-x-y=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2-1\right)\)
a) \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(ax+by\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+2abxy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2x^2-2abxy+a^2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx\right)^2-2\cdot bx\cdot ay+\left(ay\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx-ay\right)^2=0\Rightarrow bx=ay\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\right)\)
b) \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+c^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2+c^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2z^2+c^2z^2\)
\(=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2abxy+2bcyz+2acxz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2x^2-2bxay+a^2y^2+b^2z^2-2bzcy+c^2y^2+a^2z^2-2azcx+c^2x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx-ay\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2=0\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}bx=ay\\bz=cy\\az=cx\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\\\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\\\frac{a}{x}=\frac{c}{z}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\right)}\)
c) \(\left(a+b\right)^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab=2a^2+2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
a, Tương đương : \(a^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2\) = \(a^2x^2+2axby+b^2y^2\)
\(a^2y^2-2axby+b^2x^2=0\)
\(\left(ay-bx\right)^2\) = 0
\(ay-bx=0\)
\(ay=bx\)
\(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\) dpcm
Câu b, c làm tương tự câu a
f: \(x^2y^2+2xy+1=\left(xy+1\right)^2\)
g: \(\left(3x-2y\right)^2+2\left(3x-2y\right)+1=\left(3x-2y+1\right)^2\)
h: \(\left(x-3y\right)^2-8\left(x-3y\right)+16=\left(x-3y-4\right)^2\)
i: \(\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+x-y\right)^2=4x^2\)
a: \(=xy^2-xz^2+z^2y-x^2y+x^2z-zy^2\)
\(=-xy\left(x-y\right)-z^2\left(x-y\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(-xy-z^2+zx+zy\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[xz-xy+zy-z^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(z-y\right)-z\left(z-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
d:
Tham khảo:
2. ta co bieu thuc x - ( f-1)
3.