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Câu 1:
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.24,79=6,1975\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{10\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.136}{16,25+182,5-0,25.2}.100\%\approx17,15\%\)
Câu 2:
a, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
d, \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,25}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2\\ b) n_{HCl} = \dfrac{182,5.5\%}{36,5} = 0,25(mol)\\ n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,125.56 = 7(gam) ; V = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8(lít)\\ c) m_{dd\ sau\ phản\ ứng} = m_{Fe} + m_{dd\ HCl} - m_{H_2} = 7 + 182,5 - 0,125.2 = 189,25(gam)\\ C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,125.127}{189,25}.100\% = 8,39\%\)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
0,125--0,25---0,125-0,125
m HCl=9,125 g=>n HCl=\(\dfrac{9,125}{26,5}\)=0,25 mol
=>m Fe=0,125.56=7g
=>VH2=0,125.22,4=2,8l
=>C%FeCl2=\(\dfrac{0,125.127}{7+182,5-0,25}\).100=8,388%
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\a, PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\\ c,C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe} =\dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\\ \)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
0,2.....0,4.........0,2........0,2..............(mol)
Vậy :
V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)
\(m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2.127=25,4(gam)\)
\(m_{HCl} = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6(gam)\)
PTHH: Fe+2HCl → FeCl2+H2
a, nFe=m:M=11,2:56=0,2 mol
Theo PTHH, nFe=nH2=0,2 mol
VH2=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48 lít
b, Theo PTHH, nFeCl2=nFe=0,2
mFeCl2=n.M=0,2.127=25,4 g
c,
Theo PTHH, nHCl=2nFe=0,4 mol
mHCl=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6 g
PTHH
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
PT: 1 2 1 1 (mol)
Đề: 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 (mol)
Số mol của fe là : nfe = m : M =11,2 : 56=0,2 mol
Tính n H2 bằng cách áp dụng quy tắc tam suất đó bạn
Vh2 = n . 22.4 =0,2 .22,4 = 4,48 (l)
khối lượng của FeCl2 là
mfecl2 = n.M =0,2 .127 = 25,4(g)
khối lg của hcl là
m hcl = n.M =0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6 (g)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
____0,1_____0,2______0,1_____0,1 (mol)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ m chất rắn = mCuO (dư) + mCu = 0,05.80 + 0,1.64 = 10,4 (g)
`a)PTHH`
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
`0,125` `0,25` `0,125` `0,125` `(mol)`
`n_[HCl]=[5/100 .182,5]/[36,5]=0,25(mol)`
`b)m_[Fe]=0,125.56=7(g)`
`V_[H_2]=0,125.22,4=2,8(l)`
`c)m_[HCl]=0,25.36,5=9,125(g)`
`m_[FeCl_2]=0,125.127=15,875(g)`
`d)C%_[FeCl_2]=[15,875]/[7+182,5-0,125.2] .100~~8,39%`
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{muối}=m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\ V_{khí\left(đktc\right)}=V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{7,6}{80}=0,095\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,095}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dư\\ n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,095\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,095.64=6,08\left(g\right)\)
Bàu 2
\(n_P=\dfrac{1,55}{31}=0,05mol\\ a)4P+5O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^0}2P_2O_5\)
0,05 0,0625 0,025
\(b)m_{P_2O_5}=0,025.142=3,55g\\ c)V_{O_2}=0,0625.24,79=1,549375l\)
Bài 3
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V=V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l\\ b)m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4g\\ c)m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{20\%}\cdot100\%=73g\\ d)m_{dd}=11,2+73-0,2.2=83,8g\\ C_{\%FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{83,8}\cdot100\%=30,31\%\)