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X3 + Y3 + Z3 = 3XYZ
<=> X3 + Y3 + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X3 + Y3 ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X + Y )3 - 3XY( X + Y ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> [ ( X + Y )3 + Z3 ] - 3XY( X + Y + Z ) = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )[ ( X + Y )2 - ( X + Y ).Z + Z2 - 3XY ] = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}X+Y+Z=0\\X^2+Y^2+Z^2-XY-YZ-XZ=0\end{cases}}\)
+) X + Y + Z = 0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}X+Y=-Z\\Y+Z=-X\\X+Z=-Y\end{cases}}\)
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(\frac{X+Y}{Y}\right)\left(\frac{Y+Z}{Z}\right)\left(\frac{X+Z}{X}\right)=\frac{-Z}{Y}\cdot\frac{-X}{Z}\cdot\frac{-Y}{X}=-1\)
+) X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ = 0
<=> 2( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> 2X2 + 2Y2 + 2Z2 - 2XY - 2YZ - 2XZ = 0
<=> ( X2 - 2XY + Y2 ) + ( Y2 - 2YZ + Z2 ) + ( X2 - 2XZ + Z2 ) = 0
<=> ( X - Y )2 + ( Y - Z )2 + ( X - Z )2 = 0 (1)
DỄ DÀNG CHỨNG MINH (1) ≥ 0 ∀ X,Y,Z
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> X = Y = Z
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(1+\frac{Y}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{X}{X}\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
We have:
\(A=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{3xy+3zx+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{3xy+3zx+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{3xy+3zx+3}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{3\left(xy+zx+1\right)}\)
Dat \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow abc=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{3\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ca}+1\right)}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{3\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)và \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1>0\\y^2+1>0\\z^2+1>0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(y+1\right)^2}{z^2+1}+\frac{\left(y+1\right)^2\left(z+1\right)^2}{x^2+1}+\frac{\left(z+1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2}{y^2+1}\ge0\)
Kết hợp với điều kiện ban đầu thì
GTNN của A là 0 đạt được khi
\(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(-1,-1,5;-1,5,-1;5,-1-1\right)\)
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y+z-z}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{zx+zy+z^2+xy}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[z\left(x+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(x=-y\) hoặc \(y=-z\) hoặc \(z=-x\)
\(\Rightarrow A=0\)
Sai đề không