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1.Ta có :\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2-xy+y^2\) (do x+y=1)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)\(=\dfrac{1}{4}.1=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :\(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x^3+y^3\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
2.
a) Sửa đề: \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-a^2b\right)+\left(b^3-ab^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2\left(b-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng vì \(a,b\ge0\))
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
b) Lần trước mk giải rồi nhá
3.
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel\(P=\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}+\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{3+3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{1}{y+1}=\dfrac{1}{z+1}\\x+y+z=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
b) \(Q=\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{y}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{z}{z^2+1}\le\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{x^2.1}}+\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{y^2.1}}+\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{z^2.1}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{2x}+\dfrac{y}{2y}+\dfrac{z}{2z}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
giải tạm 1 bài z -,-
2) Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel :
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
4/ Ta có: \(6=a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge3\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{abc}=t\Rightarrow t^2+t\le2\Rightarrow t\le1\Rightarrow t^3=C=abc\le1\)
Vậy...
5/ \(D\le\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3.\left[\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\right]^3=\frac{512}{729}\)
Vậy ...
P/s: Em không chắc
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho các số thực dương ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y+z}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}}=x\)
\(\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{x+z}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{4}}=y\)
\(\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{4}}=z\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow M+\frac{y+z}{4}+\frac{x+z}{4}+\frac{x+y}{4}\geq x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\geq \frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)
Vậy GTNN của $M$ là $1$. Đẳng thức xảy ra tại $x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}$
Bài 2:
\(\text{VT}=(a+1)-\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+(b+1)-\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+(c+1)-\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\)
\(=(a+b+c+3)-\left(\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\right)\)
\(=6-M(*)\)
Xét \(M=\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\). Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(M\leq \frac{b^2(a+1)}{2b}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{2c}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{2a}=\frac{ab+bc+ac+a+b+c}{2}=\frac{ab+bc+ac+3}{2}\)
\(\leq \frac{\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}+3}{2}=3(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow \text{VT}=6-M\geq 6-3=3\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Câu 3. Dự đoán dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Dùng phương pháp chọn điểm rơi thôi :)
LG
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si được \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{27}\ge a^2b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}\ge abc\)
Khi đó :\(B=a+b+c+\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(=a+b+c+\frac{1}{9abc}+\frac{8}{9abc}\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{abc.\frac{1}{9abc}}+\frac{8}{9.\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}}\)
\(=4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8\sqrt{27}}{9}=\frac{4}{\sqrt[4]{9}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{12}{\sqrt{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy .........
2, \(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}\right]-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(A\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{4}}-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(A\ge a+b+c-\frac{6}{2}\)
\(A\ge6-3\)
\(A\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}=\frac{b+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2a=b+c\)(1)
\(\frac{b^2}{a+c}=\frac{a+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4b^2=\left(a+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2b=a+c\)(2)
\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{4}\Leftrightarrow4c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2c=a+b\)(3)
Lấy \(\left(1\right)-\left(3\right)\)ta có:
\(2a-2c=c+b-a-b=c-a\)
\(\Rightarrow2a-2c-c+a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(a-c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-c=0\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}b=c\\a=b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
bài 2
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+c}{b}=>a=b=c\)
=>x=2 => A=(4-2+1)^2016 =3^2016
\(1.\) Gỉa sử : \(\sqrt{25-16}< \sqrt{25}-\sqrt{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3< 1\) ( Vô lý )
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{25-16}>\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{16}\)
\(2.\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}< \sqrt{a-b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2< a-b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt{ab}+b< a-b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2b-2\sqrt{ab}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(b-\sqrt{ab}\right)< 0\)
Ta có :\(a>b\Leftrightarrow ab>b^2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ab}>b\)
\(\RightarrowĐpcm.\)
\(2a.\) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(a;b\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(b.\) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương , ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\left(x,y>0\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{yz}}\left(y,z>0\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xz}}\left(x,z>0\right)\left(3\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , ta được :
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\)
\(3a.\sqrt{x-4}=a\left(a\in R\right)\left(x\ge4;a\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=a^2+4\left(TM\right)\)
\(3b.\sqrt{x+4}=x+2\left(x\ge-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4=x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(TM\right)\\x=-3\left(KTM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
KL....
\(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ayz}{xyz}+\dfrac{bxz}{xyz}+\dfrac{cxy}{xyz}=0\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\) (1)
\(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{xz}{ac}\right)=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{cxy+ayz+bxz}{abc}\right)=1\)
Kết hợp với (1) ta có đpcm
1) Đặt T là vế trái của BĐT
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz và AM-GM, ta có:
\(T=\dfrac{x^4}{xy}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz}+\dfrac{z^4}{xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=1\)
Vậy ta có đpcm.Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
3)b) Đặt T là vế trái, áp dụng AM-GM ta có:
\(b+c=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge\left(b+c\right)4a\left(b+c\right)=4a\left(b+c\right)^2\ge16abc\)