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a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
nH2 = 0,15mol => nAl=0,1mol => mAl=2,7g; mAl2O3 = 10,2g => nAl2O3 = 0,1mol
=>%mAl=20,93% =>%mAl2O3 = 79,07%
b) nHCl = 0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9 mol=>mHCl(dd)=100g
mddY=12,9+100-0,15.2=112,6g
mAlCl3=22,5g=>C%=19,98%
a.\(Fe+S\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)FeS\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(FeS+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2S\)
b.\(n_{hhk}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(Fe+S\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)FeS\)
Ta thu được hh khí --> S hết, Fe dư
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_S=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow n_{FeS}=n_{Fe}=n_S\rightarrow n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=x-y\) ( mol )
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(x-y\) \(x-y\) ( mol )
\(FeS+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2S\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có: \(\left(x-y\right)+y=0,2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,2\)
Ta có:\(56x+32y=14,4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow56.0,2+32y=14,4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=0,1\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{14,4}.100=77,77\%\\\%m_S=100\%-77,77\%=22,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 65a + 27b = 11,9(1)$
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1; b = 0,2
$m_{Zn} = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)$
$m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,8.36,5}{125}.100\% = 23,36\%$
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,576}{22,4}=0,115\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95a+133,5b=10,475\\a+1,5b=0,115\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,04.24}{0,04.24+0,05.27}.100\approx41,558\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx58,442\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,115=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,23.36,5}{100}.100=8,395\%\)
$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$
$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{9,45}.100\%\approx 42,86\%$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%$
$b)$ Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,45.110\%}{0,5}=0,99M$
Đặt \(n_{Ca}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 40x+27y=12,05(1)\\ Ca+2HCl\to CaCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2}=x;n_{AlCl_3}=y\\ \Rightarrow 111x+133,5y=42,225(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,2(mol);y=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{12,05}.100\%=66,39\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=100\%-66,39\%=33,61\%\\ b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2x+3y=0,85(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,85.36,5}{120}.100\%=25,85\%\)
cảm ơn bạn nhé 3>