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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=a\\n_{Fe}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) => 24a + 56b = 20
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
______a------------------>a------>a__________(mol)
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
_b----------------->b----->b__________________(mol)
=> a+b = 0,5
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,25\\b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,25.127=31,75\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => m muối = 55,5(g)
Gọi kim loại cần tìm là A
a) PTHH: \(A+H_2O\rightarrow AOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(AOH+HCl\rightarrow ACl+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_A=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{7,8}{0,2}=39\) \(\Rightarrow\) Kim loại cần tìm là Kali
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KCl}=0,2mol\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=0,2mol\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot20\%=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KCl}=0,2\cdot74,5=14,9\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,04\cdot36,5=1,46\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=2\cdot0,1=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_K+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=7,8+\dfrac{0,24\cdot36,5}{10\%}-0,2=95,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{14,9}{95,2}\cdot100\%\approx15,65\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1,46}{95,2}\cdot100\%\approx1,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
mình cần giải gấp khoảng 1 tiếng ai có thể giải giùm mình được ko
PTHH: R + 2HCl ---> RCl2 + H2 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100}{1000}.5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
Vậy HCl dư.
Theo PT(1): \(n_R=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(M_R=\dfrac{4,8}{0,2}=24\left(g\right)\)
Vậy R là magie (Mg)
PT: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2 (2)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{MgCl_2}}=4,8+\dfrac{100}{1000}-0,2.2=4,5\left(lít\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{4,5}=\dfrac{2}{45}M\)
a) Ta có \(m_{muôi}=m_{KL}+m_{Cl^-}\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Cl^-}=m_{muôi}-m_{KL}=14,25-3,6=10,65g\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=\dfrac{10,65}{35,5}=0,3mol\)
Theo bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl: \(n_{HCl}=n_{Cl^-}=0,3mol\)
Theo bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,3=0,15mol\\ \Rightarrow V=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36l\)
Ta có PTHH: \(M+2HCl\rightarrow MCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
----------------0,15-------------------------0,15---(mol)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\)(g/mol) => M là Magie (Mg)
b) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2mol\)
Ta có quá trình phản ứng:
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
-0,15---0,15-----0,15----------(mol)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left(16-0,15\cdot80\right)+64\cdot0,15=13,6g\)
a) Gọi kim loại cần tìm là R
\(n_R=\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2R + 2nHCl --> 2RCln + nH2
\(\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\)------------>\(\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\)
=> \(M_{RCl_n}=M_R+35,5n=\dfrac{37,38}{\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}}\)
=> \(M_R=9n\left(g/mol\right)\)
Xét n = 1 => MR = 9(Loại)
Xét n = 2 => MR = 18 (Loại)
Xét n = 3 => MR = 27(g/mol) => R là Al (Nhôm)
b)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{7,56}{27}=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,28-->0,84--->0,28--->0,42
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,42.22,4=9,408\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,84.36,5=30,66\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{30,66.100}{12}=255,5\left(g\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 7,56 + 255,5 - 0,42.2 = 262,22 (g)
=> \(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{37,38}{262,22}.100\%=14,255\%\)
\(a)n_{Mg} = a ; n_{Al} = b \Rightarrow 24a +27b = 5,1(1)\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,1 ; b = 0,1\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,1}.100\% = 44,44\%\ ;\ \%m_{Al} = 100\% -44,44\% = 55,56\%\\ b) n_{MgCl_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,1 \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2} = 0,1.95 = 9,5(gam)\\ n_{AlCl_3} = n_{Al} = 0,1 \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3} = 0,1.133,5 = 13,35(gam)\\ c)n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 3n_{Al} = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,5.36,5}{3,65\%} = 500(gam)\)
\(m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 5,1 + 500 - 0,25.2 = 504,6(gam)\\ C\%_{MgCl_2} = \dfrac{9,5}{504,6}.100\% = 1,89\%\\ C\%_{AlCl_3} = \dfrac{13,35}{504,6}.100\% = 2,65\%\)
$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$
$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{9,45}.100\%\approx 42,86\%$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%$
$b)$ Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,45.110\%}{0,5}=0,99M$
Bài 4 :
a)
\(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)
m dd tăng=mR-mH2
\(\rightarrow m_{H2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{H2}=\frac{0,5}{2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_Rn_{H2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_R=\frac{0,6}{0,025}=24\left(\frac{g}{mol}\right)\)
Vậy R là Magie
b)
\(n_{HCl}=0,025.2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\frac{0,05.36,5}{18,25\%}=10\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Dd_{Spu}}=0,6+10-0,025.2=10,55\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{MgCl2}=\frac{0,025.95}{10,55}.100\%=22,51\%\)
Bài 5 :
\(C\%=\frac{m_{HCl}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=10=\frac{m_{HCl}}{185,4}.100\%\)
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=18,54\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol HCl thêm vào = x (mol)
\(16,57\%=18,54+36,5x/185,4.100\%\)
\(\rightarrow x=0,4\left(mol\right),V_{HCl}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)