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Bài 1 :
\(a) Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH\\ b) N_2O_5 + H_2O \to 2HNO_3\)
Bài 2 :
\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ b) n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2.127 = 25,4(gam)\\ c) V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\\ n_{HCl} =2 n_{H_2} = 0,4(mol)\\ m_{HCl} = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6(gam)\)
Bài 3 :
\(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ 2A + 2xH_2O \to 2A(OH)_x + xH_2\\ n_A = \dfrac{2}{x}n_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,2}{x}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{0,2}{x}.A = 4,6\\ \Rightarrow A = 23x\)
Với x = 1 thì A = 23(Natri)
Bài 4 :
Fe(H2PO4)3 : Sắt II đihidrophotphat
Zn(OH)2 : Kẽm hidroxit
H3PO3 : Axit photphoro
BaSO4 : Bari sunfat
Ca(H2PO4)2: muối axit: canxi đihiđrophotphat
NaHSO4: muối axit: natri hiđrosunfat
CaCO3: muối trung hòa: canxi cacbonat
Fe(OH)2: sắt (II) hiđroxit
Mg(NO3)2: muối trung hòa: magie nitrat
FeS: muối trung hòa: sắt (II) sunfua
NaCl: muối trung hòa: natri clorua
BaCl2: muối trung hòa: bari clorua
CuSO4: muối trung hòa: đồng (II) sunfat
Cu(HSO4)2: muối axit: đồng (II) hiđrosunfat
Cu(H2PO4)2: muối axit: đồng (II) đihiđrophotphat
\(1) Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O \text{Theo PTHH }\\ n_{H_2O} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{20,16}{22,4}=0,9(mol)\\ \text{Bảo toàn khối lượng : }\\ a = m_{hh} + m_{H_2} - m_{H_2O} = 65,4 + 0,9.2 - 0,9.18 = 51(gam)\)
2)
\(n_{Mg} = a ; n_{Al} = b ; n_{Fe} = c\\ \Rightarrow 24a + 27b + 56c = 18,6(1)\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b + c = \dfrac{14,56}{22,4}=0,65(2)\\ 2Mg + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MgO\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{7,84}{22,4} = 0,35\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a + b + c}{0,5a + 0,75b + \dfrac{2}{3}c} = \dfrac{0,55}{0,35}(3)\\ (1)(2)(3) \Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,2 ; c= 0,15\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{18,6}.100\% = 25,81\%\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{18,6}.100\% = 29,03\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 25,81\% -29,03\% = 45,16\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2}=1,5.2=3\left(g\right)\)
PTHH : 2Al + H2SO4 -> Al2SO4 + H2
Theo ĐLBTKL
\(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2SO_4}+m_{H_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(171+3\right)-2,7=171,3\left(g\right)\)
pthh: 2Al+3H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)→Al\(_2\)(SO4)\(_3\)+3H\(_2\)↑
nH\(_2=33,6:22,4=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(mH_2=1,5.2=3\left(g\right)\)
\(nAl_2\left(SO_4\right)=171:150=1,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(mAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3=1,14.342=389,88\left(g\right)\)
BTKL : mAl + mH\(_2\)SO\(_4\) = m Al\(_2\)(SO4)\(_3\) + m H\(_2\)
2,7 + mH\(_2\)SO\(_4\) = 389,88 + 3
=> \(mH_2SO_4=\left(389,88+3\right)-2,7=390,18\left(g\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(3Zn+2H_3PO_4\rightarrow Zn_3\left(PO_4\right)_2+3H_2\)
CH4+2 O2 ---to-->.......CO2+2H2O
4P + 5O2--to---->...2P2O5.....
SO3+H2O...-------> H2SO4
P2O5+3H2O->2H3PO4
2KMnO4 ---to----->......K2MNO4...+......MnO2..+..O2.....
2KClO3-------->..2KCl.......+...3.O2...
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ 4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\\ P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\\ 2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ 2KCl\xrightarrow[xtMnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(n_X=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{19.8}{18}=1.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=3n_X=3\cdot0.4=1.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CO_2}=1.2\cdot44=52.8\left(g\right)\)
\(\text{Bảo toàn O : }\)
\(n_{O_2}=n_{CO_2}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}=1.2+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot1.1=1.75\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=1.75\cdot22.4=39.2\left(l\right)\)
Bài 1:
H2 + O2 → H2O
N2O5 + H2O → HNO3
Bài 4:
Fe2(SO3)3: Sắt III sunfat
Mg(OH)2: Magie hidroxit
H3PO4: axit photphoric
Ba(HSO4)2: Bari Bisunfat
Bài 1 :
\(a.2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2H_2O\)
\(b.N_2O_5+H_2O\rightarrow2HNO_3\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2............0.3...........0.1..............0.3\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.3\cdot98=29.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0.1\cdot342=34.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0.3\cdot2=0.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)