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a)
$2Al +3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{300.9,8\%}{98} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,1.342 = 34,2(gam)$
d)
$n_{Al} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 0,2.27 + 300 - 0,3.2 = 304,8(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{34,2}{304,8}.100\% = 11,22\%$
nH2SO4=0,3(mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
a) 0,2_______0,3______0,1______0,3(mol)
b) V(H2,đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
c) a=mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)
=>a=5,4(g)
d) mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,1=34,2(g)
e) mddAl2(SO4)3= 5,4+ 300 - 0,3.2= 304,8(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/304,8).100=11,22%
mH2SO4=9,8%.300=29,4(g)
=> nH2SO4=0,3(mol)
a) PTHH: 2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
0,2<-------------0,3----------->0,1------------->0,3(mol)
b) a=mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)
c) V(H2,đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
d) mAl2(SO4)3=0,1.342=34,2(g)
e) mddAl2(SO4)3=mAl+mddH2SO4- mH2= 5,4+300-0,3.2= 304,8(g)
=> C%ddAl2(SO4)3=(34,2/304,8).100=11,22%
a) 2Al+ 3H2SO4→ Al2(SO4)3+ 3H2
(mol) 0,2 0,3 0,1 0,3
b) m H2SO4= 300. 9,8%= 29,4(g)
n H2SO4= \(\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\)(mol)
c) V H2= n.22,4= 0,3.22,4= 6,72(lít)
m H2= n.m= 0,3.2= 0,6(g)
d) m Al2(SO4)3= n.M= 0,1.342= 34,2(g)
e) mAl= n.M= 0,2.27= 5,4(g)
mddsau phản ứng= mAl+ mdd H2SO4- m H2
= 5,4+300-0,6= 304,8(g)
=> C%ddsau phản ứng= \(\dfrac{34,2}{304,8}.100\%=11,22\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1---->0,1----------------->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,1 => CuO dư
Theo pthh: nCu = nH2 = 0,1 (mol)
=> mCu = 0,1.64 = 6,4 (g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\
C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(G\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\
LTL:0,25>0,1\)
=>CuO dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4g\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Làm gộp các phần còn lại
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1mol\\n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,5\(\rightarrow\) 0,75 (MOL)
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,75.22,4=16,8\) (l)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow2Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,025=8,55\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075.98=7,35\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,05 0,075 0,025 0,075
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,025\cdot342=8,55g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,075\cdot22,4=1,68l\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075\cdot98=7,35g\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8.1}{27}-0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(2..........3\)
\(0.3..........0.5\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.3}{2}< \dfrac{0.5}{3}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\)
\(V_{H_2}=\left(\dfrac{0.3\cdot3}{2}\right)\cdot22.4=10.08\left(l\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,4-->0,6---------->0,2------->0,6
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\)
b) VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
c) \(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,4 0,6 0,2 0,6
\(C_M_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\\ V_{H_2}=0,622,4=13,44L\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=1,3M\)