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Bài 2:
1) \(x^2-4x+4=\left(x-2\right)^2\)
2) \(x^2-9=x^2-3^2=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
3) \(1-8x^3=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x+4x^2\right)\)
4) \(\left(x-y\right)^2-9x^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(3x\right)^2=\left(x-y-3x\right)\left(x-y+3x\right)=\left(-2x-y\right)\left(4x-y\right)\)
5) \(\dfrac{1}{25}x^2-64y^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{5}x-8y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{5}x+8y\right)\)
6) \(8x^3-\dfrac{1}{8}=\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(4x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(4-a-b\right)\left(4+a-b\right)\), đằng trước là dấu trừ thì khi bỏ ngoặc phải đổi dấu chứ nhỉ :0
\(2x^2y^3-\frac{x}{4}-4y^6\)
đây là pt bậc 2 của y^3 , ta đặt y^3=z ta được
\(-\left(4z^2+\frac{2.2xz}{2}+\frac{x^2}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\right)\)
\(-\left(2z+\frac{x}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\right)\)
\(-\left\{\left(2x+\frac{x}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\right)\right\}\)
\(-\left\{\left(2x+\frac{x}{2}+\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}}\right)\left(2x+\frac{x}{2}-\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}}\right)\right\}\)
(a+b)3-(a-b)3=a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3-(a3-3a2b+3ab2-b3)
=a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3-a3+3a2b-3ab2+b3
=6a2b+2b3
Áp dụng hđt a3-b3=(a-b)(a2+ab+b2) ấy
\(\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3=\left[\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=2b\left(3a^2+b^2\right)\)
4: \(\left(2x+3\right)^3-1\)
\(=\left(2x+3-1\right)\left(4x^2+12x+9+2x+3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+2\right)\left(4x^2+14x+13\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+1\right)\left(4x^2+14x+13\right)\)
5: \(4x^2+20xy+25y^2=\left(2x+5y\right)^2\)
6: \(x^4-64xy^3\)
\(=x\left(x^3-64y^3\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-4y\right)\left(x^2+4xy+16y^2\right)\)
\(4a^2b^2-\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^2\)
\(=4a^2b^2-2ab\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)+2ab\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)-\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^2\)
\(=2ab\left[2ab-\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\right]+\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left[2ab-\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(2ab+a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left(2ab-a^2-b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2+ab+ab+b^2-c^2\right)\left[c^2-\left(a^2-ab-ab+b^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left[a\left(a+b\right)+b\left(a+b\right)-c^2\right]\left[c^2-\left(a\left(a-b\right)-b\left(a-b\right)\right)\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\right]\left[c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)-c^2\right]\left[c^2+c\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)+c\left(a+b-c\right)\right]\left[c\left(c+a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\left(c-a+b\right)\)
8x3- 125= (2x)3- 53= (2x-5)[(2x)2+2x5+52 ]=(2x-5)(4x2+10x+25)
\(2x^2-7x+3\)
\(=2\left(x^2-\frac{7}{2}x+\frac{3}{2}\right)\)
Vậy thôi đâu cần dùng HĐT
a) = (xyz+xy) +(z+1) +(yz+zx)+(x+y)
= xy(z+1) +(z+1)+z(x+y)+(x+y)
= (z+1)(xy+1)+(x+y)(Z+1)
=(z+1)(xy+1+x+y)
(a + b)3 - (a - b)3
= (a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3) - (a3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 - b3)
= a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 - a3 + 3a2b - 3ab2 + b3
= 6a2b + 2b3
dùng hằng đẳng thức số 6 á bạn