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Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}=\dfrac{a^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}+b\sqrt{b^2+8bc}+c\sqrt{c^2+8bc}}\)
Lại sử dụng bđt Cauchy schwarz ta có:
\(a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}+b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}+c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}=\sqrt{a}\cdot\sqrt{a^3+8abc}+\sqrt{b}\cdot\sqrt{b^3+8abc}+\sqrt{c}\cdot\sqrt{c^3+8abc}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\right)}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc}}\)
=> Ta cần chứng minh: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\)
hay \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab};b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc};c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
Nhân các vế của 3 bđt trên ta đc:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}\cdot2\sqrt{bc}\cdot2\sqrt{ca}=8\sqrt{a^2b^2c^2}=8abc\)
=> Đpcm
1.
C/m bổ đề: \(a^3-b^3\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a^3-b^3\right)\) với \(\forall a,b\in R,a\ge b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3-4b^3-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2-3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Theo bài ra: \(a^3-b^3\ge3a-3b-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Cần c/m: \(\left(a-b\right)^3\ge12a-12b-16\)(1)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^3-12\left(a-b\right)+16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^3-8\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)+4\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)-8\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)^2\left(a-b+4\right)\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b thỏa mãn \(a,b\in R,a\ge b\))
2.
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}+\frac{1}{\frac{c+d}{cd}}\le\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{cd}{c+d}\le\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab\left(c+d\right)+cd\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\le\)\(\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc+abd+acd+bcd}{ac+ad+bc+bd}\le\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad+ab+bc+cd\right)\left(ac+ad+bc+bd\right)\ge\)\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(abc+abd+acd+bcd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad\right)^2-2abcd+\left(bc\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b,c,d>0)
a/
\(a.1.\sqrt{b-1}+b.1.\sqrt{a-1}\le a\left(\frac{1+b-1}{2}\right)+b\left(\frac{1+a-1}{2}\right)=ab\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=2\)
b/ \(P=a+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a+1\right)}{8}+\frac{a+1}{8}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\frac{3a}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{8^2.\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{3.1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{5}{4}\)
Câu b đề bài ko đúng (nếu như điều kiện thực sự là \(a\ge1\))
3.
\(\dfrac{2a^2}{b^2}+2\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+2\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức cosi
+ \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\dfrac{a}{c}\)
......
tương tự với 2 cái sau
a/ Với mọi số thực ta luôn có:
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Lại có do a;b;c là ba cạnh của 1 tam giác nên theo BĐT tam giác ta có:
\(a+b>c\Rightarrow ac+bc>c^2\)
\(a+c>b\Rightarrow ab+bc>b^2\)
\(b+c>a\Rightarrow ab+ac>a^2\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)>a^2+b^2+c^2\)
b/
Do a;b;c là ba cạnh của tam giác nên các nhân tử vế phải đều dương
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b-c+b+c-a\right)^2=b^2\)
Tương tự: \(\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\le a^2\)
\(\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\le c^2\)
Nhân vế với vế:
\(a^2b^2c^2\ge\left(a+b-c\right)^2\left(b+c-a\right)^2\left(a+c-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\)
Áp dụng cosi ta có \(a.a.a.b.b\le\frac{3a^5+2b^5}{5};b.b.b.a.a\le\frac{3b^5+2a^5}{5}\)
=> \(a^5+b^5\ge a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)\)
Khi đó
\(VT\le\frac{1}{ab\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{1}{bc\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{1}{ac\sqrt{a+c}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki ta có :
\((\frac{1}{ab\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{1}{bc\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{1}{ac\sqrt{a+c}})^2\le\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{b^2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{c^2\left(b+c\right)}+...\right)\)
Mà 1/a^2+1/b^2+1/c^2=1(giả thiết)
=> \(VT\le VP\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=can(3)
1)
\(2a+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{16}{a+2}=\left(a+\frac{4}{a}\right)+\left[\left(a+2\right)+\frac{16}{a+2}\right]-2\ge4+8-2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2
2)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4a\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4a+1-4a}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4b+1-4b}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4c+1-4c}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\)
+ Theo BĐT Bunhiacopxki :
\(\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\le\left(c+b-c\right)\left(a-c+c\right)\)
\(=ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c}{a-c}=\frac{b-c}{c}=\frac{c+b-c}{a-c+c}=\frac{b}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab=c\left(a+b\right)\)
Xin phép được sửa đề : CMR : \(a\sqrt{3a\left(a+2b\right)}+b\sqrt{3b\left(b+2a\right)}\le6\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô - si ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\sqrt{3a\left(a+2b\right)}\le\frac{a\left(3a+a+2b\right)}{2}=a\left(2a+b\right)\\b\sqrt{3b\left(b+2a\right)}\le\frac{b\left(3b+b+2a\right)}{2}=b\left(2b+a\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{3a\left(a+2b\right)}+b\sqrt{3b\left(b+2a\right)}\le2a^2+2ab+2b^2\)
Vậy ta cần chứng minh :
\(2a^2+2ab+2b^2\le6\Leftrightarrow a^2+ab+b^2\le3\)
Ta có : \(a^2+ab+b^2\le a^2+b^2+\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}=2+1=3\)
Vậy đẳng thức đã được chứng minh . Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)